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GB 28053-2011: [GB/T 28053-2011] Composite cylinders for breathing apparatus
GB 28053-2011 (GB/T 28053-2011)
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 23.020.30
J 74
GB 28053-2011
Composite cylinders for breathing apparatus
This standard was changed to Recommended Standard according to the
Notice [2017] No.7 by the Standardization Administration of PRC
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 30, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2012
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions, symbols ... 5 
4 Types and parameters ... 7 
5 Technical requirements ... 8 
6 Test methods and qualification criteria ... 12 
7 Inspection rules ... 19 
8 Marking, packaging, transport, storage ... 21 
9 Product certificate and batch inspection quality certificate ... 22 
Appendix A (Normative) Valve assembly torque of gas cylinder ... 24 
Appendix B (Informative) Calculation method of thread’s shear stress safety
factor ... 25 
Appendix C (Informative) Quality certificate for batch inspection of composite
gas cylinders for breathing apparatus ... 29 
Composite cylinders for breathing apparatus
1 Scope
This standard specifies the types and parameters, technical requirements, test
methods and qualification standards, inspection rules and markings, packaging,
transportation and storage requirements of fully wrapped carbon-fiber
reinforced aluminum liner composite cylinders for breathing apparatus
(hereinafter referred to as gas cylinders).
This standard applies to the design and manufacture of gas cylinders which
have a nominal working pressure not greater than 30 MPa, a nominal volume
of not greater than 12 L, an ambient temperature of use of -40 °C ~ 60 °C, is
refillable of breathing gas.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 192 General purpose metric screw threads - Basic profile
GB/T 196 General purpose metric screw threads - Basic dimensions
GB/T 197 General purpose metric screw threads - Tolerances
GB/T 228.1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at
room temperature
GB/T 230.1 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method
(scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T)
GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method
GB/T 1458 Test method for mechanical properties of ring of filament -
Winding reinforced plastics
GB/T 3191 Extrusion rods and bars of aluminum and aluminum alloys
GB/T 3246.1 Inspection method for structure of wrought aluminum and
aluminum alloy products - Part 2: Inspection method for microstructure
GB/T 3246.2 Inspection method for structure of wrought aluminum and
aluminum alloy products - Part 2: Inspection method for macrostructure
GB/T 3362 Test methods for tensile properties of carbon-fiber multifilament
GB/T 3880.1 ~ 3880.3 Wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy plates, sheets
and strips for general engineering
GB/T 3934 Specification of gauges for general purpose screw threads
GB/T 4437.1 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extruded tubes - Part 1:
Seamless tubes
GB/T 4612 Plastics - Epoxy compounds - Determination of epoxy equivalent
GB/T 6519 Process for ultrasonic inspection of wrought aluminum alloy
products
GB/T 7690.3 Reinforcements - Test method for yarns - Part 3: Determination
of breaking force and breaking elongation for glass fiber
GB/T 9251 Methods for hydrostatic test of gas cylinders
GB/T 9252 Method for pressure cycling test of gas cylinders
GB/T 12137 Method for leakage test of gas cylinders
GB/T 13005 Terminology of gas cylinders
GB/T 15385 Method for hydraulic burst test of gas cylinder
GB/T 20975 (all parts) Methods for chemical analysis of aluminum and
aluminum alloys
YS/T 67 Wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy columniform ingots
TSG R7002 Rules for type test of gas cylinder
3 Terms and definitions, symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as established in GB/T 13005 as well as the following
terms and definitions apply to this document.
The testing method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 20975.
5.1.1.2 The material of the liner shall meet the requirements of the
corresponding standards. The ingot shall be in accordance with YS/T 67; the
extruded bar shall be in accordance with GB/T 3191; the plate shall be in
accordance with GB/T 3880.1 ~ 3880.3; the tube shall be in accordance with
GB/T 4437.1. The grain size of the ingot shall not be lower than the grade 2.
The test method of grain size conforms to the provisions of GB/T 3246.2.
5.1.1.3 The liner material shall have the product quality certificate of the material
manufacturer. It can be used only after passing the re-inspection by the gas
cylinder manufacturer.
5.1.1.4 The chemical composition re-inspection shall be conducted according
to the material’s furnace number. The content of Pb and Bi may be confirmed
according to the data of the product quality certificate.
5.1.1.5 The ingot shall be ultrasonically tested. The ultrasonic testing shall be
carried out according to the ϕ2mm equivalent flat-bottomed hole. The testing
method shall meet the requirements of GB/T 6519.
5.1.2 Liner design
5.1.2.1 Shoulder and bottom shall adopt convex structure.
5.1.2.2 The thickness of the shoulder and bottom shall meet the requirements
of the hydraulic burst test and fatigue test of the gas cylinder.
5.1.2.3 In order to obtain a reasonable stress distribution, the shoulders and
bottom shall use the gradually-changed thickness design; the cylinder and
shoulders, cylinder and bottom shall be smoothly transitioned.
5.1.2.4 The designed wall thickness of the liner shall be verified by stress
analysis.
5.1.2.5 The thickness of the bottleneck shall ensure that it will not deform when
subjected to the additional external force of valve installation. The valve
installation torque shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A.
5.1.2.6 The thread of the bottle opening shall be straight thread and penetrate
through the opening. The thread length shall be not less than 6 pitches; the
safety factor of shear stress under hydraulic test pressure shall be at least 10.
The calculation method of the safety factor of the thread’s shear stress is as
shown in Appendix B.
5.1.3 Manufacturing of liner
5.1.3.1 It shall meet the requirements of design drawings and relevant technical
The strength of the material shall meet the minimum value of the performance
requirements of the gas cylinder manufacturer.
The testing method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 7690.3.
5.2.1.3 Resin matrix
It shall use epoxy resin or modified epoxy resin. The material shall meet the
requirements of the corresponding standards and have a quality certificate. The
material shall be suitable for the fiber wrapping process and meet the
performance requirements of the gas cylinder manufacturer. The determination
method of epoxy equivalent shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 4612.
5.2.2 Design of gas cylinder
5.2.2.1 The hydraulic test pressure shall be 5/3 times the nominal ...