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GB 40165-2021: Lithium ion cells and batteries used in stationary electronic equipments -- Safety technical specification
GB 40165-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.220.99
K 82
Lithium Ion Cells and Batteries Used in Stationary
Electronic Equipment - Safety Technical Specification
ISSUED ON: APRIL 30, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 1, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4 
Introduction ... 5 
1 Scope ... 7 
2 Normative References ... 7 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 8 
4 Test Conditions ... 14 
4.1 Applicability of Tests ... 14 
4.2 Environmental Conditions of Tests ... 14 
4.3 Parameter Measurement Tolerances ... 14 
4.4 Method of Temperature Measurement ... 15 
4.5 Charging and Discharging Procedures for Tests ... 15 
4.6 Type Test ... 15 
5 General Safety Requirements ... 18 
5.1 General Safety Considerations ... 18 
5.2 Safe Working Parameters ... 18 
5.3 Markings and Warning Instructions ... 18 
5.4 Key Safety Components ... 20 
6 Cell Electrical Safety ... 21 
6.1 High-temperature External Short-circuit ... 21 
6.2 Overcharge ... 21 
6.3 Forced Discharge ... 22 
7 Cell Environmental Safety ... 23 
7.1 Low Air Pressure ... 23 
7.2 Temperature Cycle ... 23 
7.3 Vibration ... 24 
7.4 Acceleration Shock ... 24 
7.5 Drop ... 25 
7.6 Heavy Impact / Extrusion ... 27 
7.7 Thermal Abuse ... 29 
8 Battery Pack Environmental Safety ... 29 
8.1 Temperature Cycle ... 29 
8.2 Vibration ... 29 
8.3 Acceleration Shock ... 30 
8.4 Drop ... 31 
9 Functional Safety of Battery System ... 31 
9.1 Requirements for Battery Management Unit / Battery Management System . 31 
9.2 Requirements for Test Sample ... 31 
9.3 Overvoltage Charge Control ... 31 
9.4 Overcurrent Charge Control ... 33 
9.5 Undervoltage Discharge Control ... 33 
9.6 Overload Control ... 33 
9.7 Short-circuit Control ... 34 
9.8 Reverse Charge ... 34 
9.9 Overheating Control ... 34 
9.10 Electrostatic Discharge ... 35 
10 System Safety ... 35 
Appendix A (normative) Sequence of Tests ... 36 
Bibliography ... 37 
Lithium Ion Cells and Batteries Used in Stationary
Electronic Equipment - Safety Technical Specification
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the safety requirements and test methods for lithium ion cells
and battery packs used in stationary electronic equipment.
This Standard is applicable to lithium ion cells and battery packs used in stationary
electronic equipment (hereinafter referred to as cells and battery packs). The stationary
electronic equipment includes:
a) Stationary information technology equipment (IT equipment);
b) Stationary audio and video equipment (AV equipment) and similar equipment;
c) Stationary communication technology equipment (CT equipment);
d) Stationary measurement control and laboratory electronic equipment and
similar equipment.
NOTE: the stationary electronic equipment listed above does not include all equipment,
and hence, equipment not listed may also be included in the scope of this Standard.
This Standard is also applicable to uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and emergency
power supply (EPS) that use lithium ion cells and battery packs.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 2423.5 Environmental Testing - Part 2: Test Methods - Test Ea and Guidance:
Shock
GB/T 2423.10 Environmental Testing - Part 2: Test Methods - Test Fc: Vibration
(sinusoidal)
GB/T 2423.21 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test
Methods - Test M: Low Air Pressure
GB/T 2423.22 Environmental Testing - Part 2: Test Methods - Test N: Change of
Battery / battery pack refers to an energy storage device electrically connected by one
or multiple cells or modules.
NOTE 1: it may include protective and monitoring devices that provide information (for
example, cell voltage) to the battery system.
NOTE 2: it may include protective covers provided by the terminal or other interconnection
devices.
NOTE 3: definition 3.10 of IEC 62619:2017 is modified.
3.6 Battery System
Battery system refers to a system composed of one or multiple cells, modules or
battery packs.
NOTE 1: it has a battery management system, and in case of overcharge, overcurrent,
over-discharge and overheating, the battery management system will act.
NOTE 2: if the cell manufacturer and the user reach an agreement, the over-discharge
cut-off is not mandatory.
NOTE 3: it may include cooling or heating devices, and some even contain charging and
discharging modules, and inverter modules.
NOTE 4: in this Standard, the requirements for battery system are equivalent to the
requirements for battery pack.
NOTE 5: definition 3.11 of IEC 62619:2017 is modified.
3.7 Large Lithium Ion Battery
Large lithium ion battery refers to lithium ion battery whose total mass exceeds 12 kg.
NOTE: this term is abbreviated as large battery in this Standard.
3.8 Battery Management System; BMS
Battery management system refers to an electronic system connected to the battery
pack and can cut off the circuit in case of overcharge, overcurrent, over-discharge and
overheating. It is used to monitor and (or) manage the state of the battery pack;
calculate secondary data, report data and (or) control the environment, so as to affect
the safety, performance and (or) service life of the battery pack. The functions of BMS
may be allocated to the battery pack or equipment that use the battery pack.
NOTE 1: if the cell manufacturer and the user reach an agreement, the over-discharge
cut-off is not mandatory.
NOTE 2: the functions of BMS may be on the battery pack, or on the equipment that use
3.12 Discharge Cut off Voltage
Udo
Discharge cut off volage refers to the minimum load voltage, at which, the cell or battery
pack can be safely discharged, as specified by the manufacturer.
3.13 End of Discharge Voltage
Ude
End of discharge voltage refers to the load voltage, at which, the discharging behavior
of the cell or battery pack is terminated during the cycle use as specified by the
manufacturer.
3.14 Recommendation Charging Current
Icr
Recommendation charging current refers to the constant-current charging current
recommended by the manufacturer.
3.15 Maximum Continual Charging Current
Icm
Maximum continual charging current refers to the maximum constant-current charging
current specified by the manufacturer.
3.16 Recommendation Continual Discharging Current
Idr
Recommendation continual discharging current refers to the continual discharging
current recommended by the manufacturer.
3.17 Maximum Discharging Current
Idm
Maximum discharging current refers to the maximum continual discharging current
specified by the manufacturer.
3.18 Upper Limited Charging Temperature
Tcm
Upper limited charging temperature refers to the maximum ambient temperature
specified by the manufacturer when the cell or battery pack is charged.
3.25 Type Test
Type test refers to the test carried out on a representative sample, and the purpose of
which is to determine whether its d...