GB/T 14848-2017 English PDF (GBT14848-2017)

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GB/T 14848-2017: Standard for groundwater quality
GB/T 14848-2017
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.060
Z 50
Replacing GB/T 14848-1993
Standard for groundwater quality
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 14, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2018
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the PRC;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
Introduction ... 5 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions ... 6 
4 Groundwater quality classification and indices ... 7 
5 Groundwater quality survey and monitoring ... 11 
6 Groundwater quality assessment ... 12 
Appendix A (Normative) Preservation and submission-for-inspection
requirements of groundwater samples ... 13 
Appendix B (Informative) Recommended analysis methods for groundwater
quality testing indices ... 18 
Bibliography ... 22 
Foreword
This Standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 14848-1993 “Quality standard for ground water”.
As compared with GB/T 14848-1993, in addition to editorial changes, the main
technical changes are as follows:
- The water quality index is increased from 39 items of GB/T 14848-1993 to
93 items, an increase of 54 items;
- With reference to GB 5749-2006 “Standards for drinking water quality”,
groundwater quality indices are classified into regular and non-regular
indices;
- The sensory traits and general chemical indices are increased from 17
items to 20 items, increasing the 3 indices of aluminum, sulfide, and sodium.
USE oxygen consumption to replace permanganate index. REVISE the 4
indices of total hardness, iron, manganese, and ammonia nitrogen;
- The index of inorganic compounds in toxicological indices is increased from
16 items to 20 items, increasing the 4 indices of boron, antimony, silver, and
thallium. REVISE the 11 indices of nitrite, iodide, mercury, arsenic,
cadmium, lead, beryllium, barium, nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum;
- The index of organic compounds in toxicological indices is increased from
2 items to 49 items, adding trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloromethane,
1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane,
tribromomethane, vinyl chloride, 1,1-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene,
chlorine benzene, o-dichlorobenzene, p-dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene
(total), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene,
2,6-dinitrotoluene, naphthalene, anthracene, fluoranthene, benzo (b)
fluoranthene, benzo (a) pyrene, polychlorinated biphenyl (total), γ-
hexachlorocyclohexane (Lindan), hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor, atrazine,
pentachlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate,
carbofuran, aldicarb, dichlorvos, methyl parathion, malathion, dimethoate,
chlorothalonil, 2,4-D, chlorpyrifos and glyphosate. DDT and
hexachlorocyclohexane are replaced by DDT (total) and
hexachlorocyclohexane (total), respectively, and revised;
- The total α radioactivity in the radioactive index is revised;
- REVISE the relevant provisions of the comprehensive assessment of
groundwater quality.
Standard for groundwater quality
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the classification, indices, and limits of groundwater
quality, groundwater quality survey and monitoring, and groundwater quality
assessment, etc.
This Standard applies to groundwater quality survey, monitoring, assessment,
and management.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB 5749-2006 Standards for drinking water quality
GB/T 27025-2008 General requirements for the competence of testing and
calibration laboratories
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Groundwater quality
A general term for the physical, chemical, and biological properties of
groundwater.
3.2 Regular indices
Indices which reflect the basic conditions of groundwater quality, including
sensory traits, general chemical indices, microbiological indices, common
toxicological indices, and radioactive indices.
3.3 Non-regular indices
Groundwater quality indices, an extension of regular indices, which are
determined according to regional and time differences or special circumstances.
They reflect major quality issues in groundwater, including relatively rare
inorganic and organic toxicological indices.
3.4 Human health risk
The probability that various constituents in groundwater cause harm to human
health.
4 Groundwater quality classification and indices
4.1 Groundwater quality classification
According to China’s groundwater quality status and human health risk, with
reference to drinking water, industrial, agricultural, and other water quality
requirements, according to the content level of each constituent (except pH), it
is classified into five classes.
Class I: Groundwater has a low chemical constituent content, suitable for
various uses;
Class II: Groundwater has a lower chemical constituent content, suitable for
various uses;
Class III: Groundwater has a medium chemical constituent content. Based
on GB 5749-2006, it is mainly applicable to centralized drinking water
sources and industrial and agricultural water;
Class IV: Groundwater has a higher chemical constituent content. Based on
agricultural and industrial water quality requirements and a certain level of
human health risk, it is applicable to agricultural and partial industrial waters;
and after proper treatment, can be used as drinking water;
Class V: Groundwater has a high chemical constituent content. It should not
be used as a drinking water source. Other water, according to the purpose
of use, may be selected.
4.2 Groundwater quality classification indices
The groundwater quality indices are classified into regular indices and non-
regular indices. The classification and limits are shown in Table 1 and Table 2
respectively.
5.5 Refer to Appendix B for the selection of groundwater quality testing methods.
Before use, it shall, according to the requirements of 5.4 of GB/T 27025-2008,
perform effective confirmation and verification.
6 Groundwater quality assessment
6.1 Groundwater quality assessment shall be based on groundwater quality
testing data.
6.2 For the single-index assessment of groundwater quality, according to the
limit value of the index value, the groundwater quality class is determined.
When the index limits are the same, the superior shall prevail.
Example: The limits of Classes I and II of volatile phenols are both 0.001 mg/L. If the
quality analysis result is 0.001 mg/L, it shall be classified as Class I, and not be classified
as Class II.
6.3 Comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality shall be determined
according to the worst class of the single-index assessment results. The worst-
class indices shall be pointed out.
Example: A groundwater sample has a chloride content of 400 mg/L and a
tetrachloroethylene content of 350 μg/L. These two indices belong to Class V. The
remaining indices are lower than Class V. Then the comprehensive clas...