GB/T 38445-2020 English PDF (GBT38445-2020)

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GB/T 38445-2020: External projections for all terrain vehicles
GB/T 38445-2020
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.60
T 26
External projections for all terrain vehicles
ISSUED ON: MARCH 06, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions ... 4 
4 Technical requirements ... 7 
5 Test methods ... 16 
References ... 21 
External projections for all terrain vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements and test methods for external
projections for all terrain vehicles.
This standard applies to all terrain vehicles (hereinafter referred to as
"vehicles").
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 24936 Terms for all terrain vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 24936 as well as the following terms
and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
External surface
Visible surfaces of vehicle covering pieces, including engine hoods, trunk
lids, doors, fenders, roofs, lighting and light signaling devices, visible
reinforcements, front fenders, front bumpers, front wheels
Note: Rewrite GB 11566-2009, definition 3.2.
3.2
Radius of curvature
The arc radius of the imaginary part which is closest to a circle.
[GB 11566-2009, definition 3.4]
3.3
[GB 20074-2017, definition 3.4]
3.9
Floor line
The geometric trajectory of the contact points as formed by allowing a cone
which has a top angle of 30° (the cone height is determined by itself, the
cone top is upward, the cone axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane)
to roll along the external surface of a laden vehicle to continuously contact
the lowest position of the external surface of the vehicle.
Note 1: When determining the floor line, it does not consider the exhaust
pipe, wheels and functional mechanical components installed under the
vehicle body, support points for jacks, suspension devices or connectors
used in case of towing or breakdown. Without changing the position, the gap
outside the wheel arch may be imagined as a smooth external surface
formed after filling.
Note 2: Rewrite GB 11566-2009, definition 3.3.
3.10
Laden vehicle
The vehicle that bears the maximum load allowed by the factory.
Note: Rewrite GB 11566-2009, definition 3.5.
3.11
The dimension of projection
The size of the projection portion of the parts assembled on the vehicle’s
plate.
[GB 11566-2009, definition 3.7]
3.12
The nominal line of a panel
According to the method of 5.2.2.2, when using a sphere which has a
diameter of 100 mm to measure the surface of a certain panel of the vehicle,
the connection line between the two sphere centers at the initial and final
positions.
[GB 11566-2009, definition 3.8]
a) Requirements for grazing parts:
1) The plate shall meet the following requirements:
- The radius of curvature of each corner of the plate shall not be less
than 3 mm;
- The radius of curvature of the edge of the plate shall not be less than
0.5 mm.
2) The stem shall meet the following requirements:
- The diameter of the stem shall not be less than 10 mm;
- The radius of curvature of the end edge of the stem shall not be less
than 2 mm.
b) Requirements for collision parts:
1) The plate shall meet the following requirements:
- The radius of curvature of the edges and corners of the plate shall
not be less than 2 mm.
2) The stem shall meet the following requirements:
- If the diameter is less than 20 mm, the length of the stem shall not
be more than half of its diameter;
- If the diameter is not less than 20 mm, the radius of curvature of the
end edge of the stem shall not be less than 2 mm.
4.1.4 Special requirements
4.1.4.1 The radius of curvature of the upper edges of windshields, deflectors
and other protective covers shall not be less than 2 mm, or they shall be
wrapped with protective materials that meet the requirements of 4.1.2.3. The
upper edge refers to the part between the tangent points of two planes at 45°
to the horizontal plane, as shown in Figure 2.
of 4.2.1.
When applying a force of 100 N, it shall use a flat-end indenter with a diameter
not greater than 50 mm, with the equivalent method. After the trim parts are
retracted, detached or bent, the projection height of the remaining part shall not
exceed 10 mm. In any case, these projections shall meet the requirements of
4.2.1.2. If the trim parts are installed on a substrate, the substrate is considered
as a trim part, not a support surface.
4.2.2.1.2 The protective decorative strips or guards on the external surface of
the vehicles are not restricted by 4.2.2.1.1, but shall be reliably fixed on the
vehicles.
4.2.2.2 Headlamp
4.2.2.2.1 The headlamps are allowed to be equipped with protruded shading
plates and lamp rings, but the projection height relative to the external surface
of the headlamp’s light distribution mirror shall not exceed 30 mm and the fillet
radius shall not be less than 2.5 mm. If the headlamp is installed behind an
additional transparent surface, the projection shall be measured from the
outermost transparent surface. The projection height is measured according to
the method specified in 5.2.2.3.
4.2.2.2.2 Retractable headlamps shall comply with the provisions of 4.2.2.2.1
regardless of whether they are in the working position or the retracted position.
4.2.2.2.3 The provisions of 4.2.2.2.1 do not apply to headlamps as buried in or
extended over the vehicle’s plate, but the vehicle’s plate shall meet the
requirements of 4.2.2.9.
4.2.2.3 Grille and gap
4.2.2.3.1 The provisions of 4.2.1.4 do not apply to the case where the gap width
between the fixed element or the movable element (including the parts of the
air inlet and outlet as well as the radiator cover) is less than 40 mm, meanwhile
this gap is a functional requirement. When the gap width is between 25 mm ~
40 mm, the fillet radius shall not be less than 1 mm; if the gap width is equal to
or less than 25 mm, the fillet radius of its outer edge shall not be less than 0.5
mm. The width of the gap between two adjacent components is measured
according to the method as specified in 5.2.2.4.
4.2.2.3.2 The junction of the front and side ends of each element forming a grid
or gap shall be smooth.
4.2.2.4 Windshield wiper
4.2.2.4.1 The rotating shaft of the windshield wiper shall be equipped with a
the connection cover and nozzle of the headlamp washer. The outward corners
of these parts shall be round and smooth, except for parts with a projection
height less than 1.5 mm.
4.2.2.6 The handles, hinges and buttons of the doors, trunk lid and hood
as well as fuel tank cap and various covers
4.2.2.6.1 The projection height of handle of door or trunk lid shall not exceed
40 mm; it shall not exceed 3 mm in other conditions.
4.2.2.6.2 If the side door’s handle is rotating, it shall meet any of the following:
- If the handle rotates parallel to the surface of the door, the free end of the
handle shall face backward and bend towards the doo...