GB/T 5494-2019 English PDF (GB/T5494-2019)

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GB/T 5494-2019: Inspection of grain and oils - Determination of foreign matter and unsound kernels of grain and oilseeds
GB/T 5494-2019
Inspection of grain and oils--Determination of foreign matter and unsound kernels of grain and oilseeds
ICS 67.040
X04
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 5494-2008
Grain and oil inspection of impurities in grain and oil,
Imperfect grain test
Published on.2019-05-10
2019-12-01 implementation
State market supervision and administration
China National Standardization Administration issued
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 5494-2008 "Grain and oil inspection of impurities in food and oil, imperfect grain inspection".
The main technical changes of this standard compared with GB/T 5494-2008 are as follows.
--- Revised the test sample dosage table (see Table 1, Table 1 of the.2008 edition);
--- Increased the operation steps and calculation formula of the corn test in millet (see 6.2.1, 7.2.3);
--- Revised the calculation formula for the imperfect grain of rice (see 7.2.4, 7.2.6 of the.2008 edition);
--- Removed the operating steps and calculation formulas for shelled glutinous grains and rice granules (see 6.2.2, 7.2.4, 7.2.5 of the.2008 edition);
--- Increased the specification of the screen layer during operation (see Appendix A).
This standard was proposed by the National Grain and Material Reserve Bureau.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Grain and Oil Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC270).
This standard was drafted. Henan Provincial Grain and Oilstuff Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, National Food Bureau Standard Quality Center, Henan Province Food
Science Research Institute Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Municipal Grain Science Research Institute, Liaoning Provincial Reserve Grain Management Co., Ltd., Guoliang Wuhan Scientific Research and Design Institute
Limited.
The main drafters of this standard. Yin Chenghua, Sun Wei, Li Min, Zhang Yan, Huang Changjun, Cui Yang, Hu Jipeng, Wang Lili, Chen Yu, Niu Mengyu.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are.
---GB/T 5494-1985, GB/T 5494-2008.
Grain and oil inspection of impurities in grain and oil,
Imperfect grain test
1 Scope
This standard specifies the instruments and utensils for the inspection of impurities and imperfect grain content in grain and oil materials, lighting requirements, sample preparation, operation steps,
The result is calculated and so on.
This standard applies to the inspection of impurities and imperfect grain content in grain and oilseeds.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 5491 Inspection of food and oil materials, sampling method
GB/T 22505 Grain and oil inspection sensory inspection ambient lighting
3 instruments and appliances
3.1 Balance. Sensitivity 0.01g, 0.1g, 1g.
3.2 Grain selection.
3.3 Electric filter.
3.4 Divider or sample plate.
3.5 Analysis disk, tweezers, etc.
4 Lighting requirements
The lighting conditions during operation shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 22505.
5 sample preparation
The samples for testing impurities are divided into large samples and small samples. The large samples are used to test the impurities in the large samples, including the large impurities on the upper sieve and the lower
The sieve of the sieve; the sample is a small sample from the sample that has been tested for large impurities, and the impurities similar to the grain size are inspected and imperfect.
Grain and so on. According to the provisions of GB/T 5491, take the sample to the mass of the sample specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Impurity, imperfect grain test sample quality specification table
Grain, oil name, large sample quality/g sample quality/g
Small grain. millet, sesame, rapeseed, flaxseed, etc. about 500 about 10
Medium grain. rice, wheat, sorghum, adzuki bean, cottonseed, alfalfa, alfalfa, buckwheat, bare barley, buckwheat, mung bean, etc. about 500 about 50
Large grain. about 500, about 100, soy, corn, peas, sunflower seeds, small beans, etc.
Table 1 (continued)
Grain, oil name, large sample quality/g sample quality/g
Extra large grain. peanut, castor seed, tung seed, tea seed, dried fruit, large broad bean, etc. about 1000 about.200
Other. sweet potato slices, etc. about 500~1000
6 Operating steps
6.1 Grain and oil impurities, imperfect grain inspection (except rice)
6.1.1 Screening
6.1.1.1 Electric filter method. according to the sieve layer specified in Appendix A (large hole screen on top, small hole screen on the bottom, set on the bottom of the sieve), according to the provisions of the test
Place the sample on the upper sieve and cover with a sieve cover. Place it on the electric filter, turn on the power, turn on the switch, and select the sieve to automatically sift it to the left and right for 1min.
(110r/min~120r/min), after the sieve is static for a while, the sieve on the upper sieve and the sieve on the lower sieve are respectively poured into the analysis tray. card
The particles in the middle of the sieve are part of the sieve.
6.1.1.2 Hand sieve method. Set the sieve layer according to the method in 6.1.1.1, pour the sample into the cover and cover the sieve cover. Then place the sieve on a glass plate or smooth
On the table, use both hands to sift for 1 min in clockwise and counterclockwise directions at a speed of 110 times/min to 120 times/min. Sifted
The range is controlled by the diameter of the sieve to be enlarged by 8cm~10cm. The operation after screening is the same as in 6.1.1.1.
6.1.2 Large sample impurity test
From the average sample, take the sample according to the provisions of Chapter 5 to the mass of the large sample (m) specified in Table 1, accurate to 1g, as specified in 6.1.1
The screening method is screened twice (super large grain, oil is divided into four screenings), and then the upper sieve is sorted out of large impurities (grain grains).
The shell was stripped and classified as an impurity) and the undersize of the lower sieve was combined and weighed (m1) to the nearest 0.01 g.
6.1.3 Sample impurity test
From the sample with large sample impurities, the sample is taken according to the provisions of Chapter 5 to the mass of the sample (m2) specified in Table 1, the mass of the sample
When it is not more than 100g, it is accurate to 0.01g; when the mass of the sample is more than 100g, it is accurate to 0.1g, and it is poured into the analysis tray according to the quality standard.
The impurities were sorted out and weighed (m3) to the nearest 0.01 g.
6.1.4 Mineral inspection
The minerals are sorted from the sorted sample impurities and weighed (m4) to the nearest 0.01 g.
6.1.5 Imperfect grain inspection
While testing the impurities of the sample, the imperfect grain is sorted according to the quality standard, and the amount is (m5), which is accurate to 0.01g.
6.2 Meters of impurities, imperfect grain inspection
6.2.1 Impurity test
According to the provisions of Chapter 5, take about.200g (m') of the sample, accurate to 0.1g, and put it into a circular sieve with a diameter of 1.0mm twice, according to 6.1.1.
The screening method is used for screening, and after sifting, the sieve is patted to make the enamel powder fall into the bottom of the sieve. After all the sieves have been sieved, the enamel powder remaining on the sieve layer is brushed.
Combine the weighing (m1') to the nearest 0.01g. Pour the sieve into the analysis tray (the particles stuck in the middle of the sieve belong to the sieve). From inspection
The mineral or inorganic impurities are sorted out in the sample of the tantalum powder and weighed (m2') to the nearest 0.01g. The organic impurities are sorted and weighed (m3').
Accurate to 0.01g; if the sample is millet, the miliary should be separately sorted and weighed (m4') to the nearest 0.01g.
Note. The inorganic impurity content test applies to rice.
6.2.2 Imperfect grain inspection
According to the provisions of Chapter 5, take the sample to the mass of the sample (m5') specified in Table 1. (The sample size of rice is the same as the original grain), accurate to
0.01g, pour the sample into the analysis tray, and sort out the imperfect grain according to the quality standard and weigh it (m6') to the nearest 0.01g.
7 Calculation of results
7.1 Calculation of grain and oil impurities and imperfect grain test results (except rice)
7.1.1 The content of large sample impurities (w1) is expressed in mass fraction (%) and is calculated according to formula (1).
W1=
M1
m × 100
(1)
In the formula.
M1---large impurity mass in grams (g);
m --- Large sample mass in grams (g).
Under repetitive conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained is not more than 0.3%, and the average is obtained as the test result.
The test results are retained to one decimal place.
7.1.2 Sample impurity content (w2) expressed as mass fraction (%), calculated according to formula (2).
W2=(100-w1)×
M3
M2
(2)
In the formula.
M3---the mass of small sample impurities, the unit is gram (g);
M2---Sample mass in grams (g).
Under repetitive conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained is not more than 0.3%, and the average is obtained, which is the test result.
The test results are retained to one decimal place.
7.1.3 Mineral content (w3) expressed as mass fraction (%), calculated according to formula (3).
W3=(100-w1)×
M4
M2
(3)
In the formula.
M4---mineral mass in grams (g);
M2---Sample mass in grams (g).
Under repetitive conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained is not more than 0.1%, and the average is obtained, which is the test result.
The test results are retained to two decimal places.
7.1.4 The total amount of impurities (w4) is expressed in mass fraction (%) and is calculated according to formula (4).
W4=w1 w2 (4)
The result of the calculation is retained to one decimal place.
7.1.5 Imperfect grain (w5) expressed as mass fraction (%), calculated according to formula (5).
W5=(100-w1)×
M5
M2
(5)
In the formula.
M5---incomplete grain quality, in grams (g);
M2---Sample mass in grams (g).
Under repeated conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained. large grain, extra large grain is not more than 1.0%, medium and small grain is not
More than 0.5%, the average is the test result, and the test result is retained to one decimal place.
7.2 Calculation of meter-based impurities and imperfect grain test results
7.2.1 Mineral or inorganic impurity content (w6) expressed as mass fraction (%), calculated according to formula (6).
W6=
M2'
m' × 100
(6)
In the formula.
M2'---the mass of mineral or inorganic impurities in grams (g);
m'---sample mass in grams (g).
Under repetitive conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained is not more than 0.005%, and the average is obtained, which is the test knot.
As a result, the test results are retained to two decimal places.
7.2.2 The total amount of impurities (w7) is expressed in mass fraction (%) and is calculated according to formula (7).
W7=
M1' m2' m3'
m' × 100
(7)
In the formula.
M1'---糠 powder quality, in grams (g);
M2'---the mass of mineral or inorganic impurities in grams (g);
M3'---the quality of organic impurities in grams (g);
m'---sample mass in grams (g).
Under repetitive conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained is not more than 0.04%, and the average is obtained, which is the test result.
The test results are retained to two decimal places.
7.2.3 The miliary content (w8) in millet is expressed in mass fraction (%) and is calculated according to formula (8).
W8=
M4'
m' × 100
(8)
In the formula.
M4'---Miliary mass, in grams (g);
m'---sample mass in grams (g).
Under repetitive conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained is not more than 0.04%, and the average is obtained, which is the test result.
The test results are retained to two decimal places.
7.2.4 Imperfect grain content (w9) expressed as mass fraction (%), calculated according to formula (9).
W9=
M6'
M5'×
100 (9)
In the formula.
M6'---incomplete grain quality, in grams (g);
M5'---sample mass in grams (g).
Under repeated conditions, the absolute difference between the two independent test results obtained. large grain, extra large grain is not more than 1.0%, medium and small grain is not
More than 0.5%, the average is the test result, and the test result is retained to one decimal place.
Appendix A
(normative appendix)
Screen size for screening samples
The sieve layer specifications used for screening different grain and oil samples are selected according to Table A.1.
Table A.1 Screening sieve specifications for screening grain and oil samples
Grain, oil type, upper sieve mesh diameter/mm, lower sieve mesh diameter/mm
Rice - 2.0
Soybean - 3.0
Wheat 4.5 1.5
Corn 12.0 3.0
Gao Wei 4.0 2.0
Millet 3.5 1.2
黍4.5 1.5
稷4.5 1.5
Buckwheat - 2.5
Bare Barley 4.5 1.5
Buckwheat 4.5 1.5
Mung Bean - 2.0
Sesame - 1.0
Cottonseed - 3.0
Sunflower Seeds - 3.5
Flaxseed - 1.2
Note. The grain and oil types that do not specify the diameter of the mesh hole can be selected according to the size of the grain size.