TB/T 3276-2011 English PDF (TBT3276-2011)

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TB/T 3276-2011: [Including 2017XG1] Rails for high speed railway
TB/T 3276-2011
RAILWAY INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 45.080
S 11
Rails for high speed railway
ISSUED ON: JULY 15, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 01, 2011
Issued by: Ministry of Railways of the PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 5 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions ... 7 
4 Grading and selection ... 8 
4.1 Grading ... 8 
4.2 Selection ... 8 
5 Information required for ordering ... 8 
6 Type dimensions, length, weight, and tolerances ... 9 
6.1 Type dimensions ... 9 
6.2 Length and weight ... 9 
6.3 Dimension tolerances ... 9 
6.4 Straightness and distortion tolerances ... 10 
6.5 Bolt hole ... 11 
7 Technical requirements ... 12 
7.1 Manufacturing method ... 12 
7.2 Designation and chemical composition ... 12 
7.3 Tensile properties ... 13 
7.4 Hardness ... 13 
7.5 Microstructure ... 13 
7.6 Decarburization layer ... 13 
7.7 Nonmetallic inclusions ... 13 
7.8 Macrostructure ... 15 
7.9 Drop hammer ... 15 
7.10 Surface quality ... 15 
7.11 Ultrasonic flaw detection ... 16 
7.12 Residual stress of rail flange ... 17 
7.13 Fracture toughness ... 17 
7.14 Fatigue crack growth rate ... 17 
7.15 Fatigue ... 17 
8 Test methods ... 17 
8.1 Inspection items, inspection frequency, sampling locations, and test methods .. 17 
8.2 Hydrogen content ... 20 
8.3 Total oxygen content and nitrogen content ... 20 
8.4 Hardness ... 21 
8.5 Microstructure ... 21 
8.6 Drop hammer ... 21 
8.7 Ultrasonic flaw detection ... 22 
8.8 Residual stress of rail flange ... 25 
8.9 Fracture toughness ... 25 
8.10 Fatigue crack growth rate ... 25 
8.11 Fatigue ... 26 
9 Inspection rules ... 28 
9.1 Supervision ... 28 
9.2 Type inspection ... 28 
9.3 Exit-factory inspection ... 28 
9.4 Re-inspection and judgement ... 29 
9.5 Rounding off of numerical values ... 30 
10 Marking and quality certificate ... 31 
10.1 Marking ... 31 
10.2 Quality certificate ... 32 
11 Quality assurance ... 32 
11.1 Quality assurance system ... 32 
11.2 Quality assurance period ... 33 
Appendix A (Normative) Type dimensions of 60 kg/m rail ... 34 
Appendix B (Normative) Impermissible defects on transverse acid-leached test
piece of rail ... 36 
Appendix C (Normative) Method for determining the longitudinal residual stress
of rail flange ... 48 
Appendix D (Normative) Test method of rail plane-strain fracture toughness KIC
... 50 
Appendix E (Normative) Sample plate diagrams for inspection of geometric
dimensions of rail ... 54 
Bibliography ... 64 
Amendment No.1 [2017XG1] TB/T 3276-2011 “Rails for high speed railway”65 
Rails for high speed railway
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the type dimensions and tolerances, technical
requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking and quality certificate,
quality assurance, etc. of the rails.
This Standard applies to 60 kg/m hot-rolled rails for high speed railway
operating at speeds of 200 km/h and above. Rails for railway operating at
speeds greater than 160 km/h and less than 200 km/h may refer to it for
implementation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 223.14 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The N-
Benzoy-N-Phenylhydroxylamine Extraction Photometric Method for the
Determination of Vanadium Content
GB/T 223.60 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The
perchloric acid dehydration gravimetric method for the determination of
silicon content
GB/T 223.62 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The
butyl acetate extraction photometric method for the determination of
phosphorus content
GB/T 223.63 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The
sodium (potassium) periodate photometric method for the determination of
manganese content
GB/T 223.68 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The
Potassium Iodate Titration Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace for
the Determination of Sulfur Content
GB/T 223.71 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The
Gravimetric Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace for the
Determination of Carbon Content
GB/T 223.82 Steel and iron - Determination of hydrogen content - Thermal
conductivity/infrared method after fusion under inert gas
GB/T 226 Test method for macrostructure and defect of steel by etching
GB/T 228 Metallic materials - Tensile testing at ambient temperature
GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method
GB/T 3075 Metallic materials - Fatigue testing - Axial-force-controlled
method
GB/T 4161 Metallic materials - Determination of plane-strain fracture
toughness
GB/T 4336 Carbon and low-alloy steel - Determination of multi-element
contents - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine
method)
GB/T 6398 Metallic materials - Fatigue testing - Fatigue crack growth method
GB/T 10561-2005 Steel - Determination of Content of Nonmetallic Inclusions
- Micrographic Method Using Standards Diagrams
GB/T 11261 Steel and Iron - Determination of oxygen content - The pulse
heating inert gas fusion-infra-red absorption method
GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals
GB/T 19001 Quality management systems - Requirements
GB/T 20066 Steel and Iron - Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the
Determination of Chemical Composition
GB/T 20124 Steel and iron - Determination of nitrogen content - Thermal
conductimetric method after fusion in a current of inert gas
YB/T 081 Rule for rounding off of numerical values and judgement of testing
values for technical standards of metallurgy
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Heat
All slabs cast from a furnace of molten steel; but excluding the first slab cast
from the next furnace of molten steel entering into tundish casting.
3.2 Sequence
Continuous casting of the same designation by molten steel of different heats
in tundish.
3.3 Transition area
The part cast by a mixture of two furnaces of molten steel.
4 Grading and selection
4.1 Grading
The nonmetallic inclusions in the steel are divided into two grades, A and B.
4.2 Selection
This Standard specifies two steel designations of U71MnG and U75VG. High
speed railways above 250 km/h and high speed passenger railways of 200 km/h
~ 250 km/h shall select U71MnG rails. High speed passenger and freight mixed
railways of 200 km/h ~ 250 km/h shall select U75VG rails.
For nonmetallic inclusions of rails for high speed railway above 250 km/h, it
shall adopt Grade A. For nonmetallic inclusions of rails for high speed railway
of 200 km/h ~ 250 km/h, it shall adopt Grade B.
5 Information required for ordering
When the user is ordering, it shall provide the following basic information:
a) Product name;
b) Product standard number;
c) Steel designation;
d) Rail type and applicable speed range (or grade of nonmetallic inclusions);
e) No-hole or hole rail (number of holes, one end drilled or both ends drilled);
f) ...