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GB 13094-2017: [Including 2023XG1] The safety requirements for bus construction
GB 13094-2017
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
T 09
Replacing GB 13094-2007, GB 18986-2003, GB/T 19950-2005
The safety requirements for bus construction
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 14, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2018
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4 
1 Scope ... 12 
2 Normative references ... 12 
3 Terms and definitions ... 12 
4 Requirements ... 18 
4.1 General requirements... 18 
4.2 Axle load and passenger area ... 18 
4.3 Roll stability ... 20 
4.4 Fire prevention measures ... 21 
4.5 Exit ... 25 
4.6 Interior layout... 41 
4.7 Interior lighting ... 64 
4.8 Articulated section of articulated bus ... 64 
4.9 Directional maintenance of articulated buses ... 65 
4.10 Passenger handrails and handles ... 65 
4.11 Protection of stepping area ... 68 
4.12 Crew member protection ... 68 
4.13 Movable cover ... 69 
4.14 Visual entertainment device ... 69 
4.15 Sign of luggage mass ... 69 
4.16 Ventilation in compartment ... 70 
4.17 Trolleybus ... 70 
4.18 Transition period requirements for the implementation of this standard ... 70 
Appendix A (Normative) Additional technical requirements for providing
convenient facilities for wheelchair users ... 71 
Appendix B (Normative) Verification of static roll limit calculation ... 87 
Appendix C (Normative) Measurement of closing force of power operated
service door and reaction force of power operated ramp ... 88 
Appendix D (Normative) Additional technical requirements for trolleybuses .. 92 
References ... 99 
The safety requirements for bus construction
1 Scope
This standard specifies the safety requirements for bus constructions.
This standard applies to category M2 and M3 buses, including trolleybuses.
This standard does not apply to sleeper buses, special school buses, special
buses and non-road buses.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2408-2008 Plastics - Determination of burning characteristics -
Horizontal and vertical test
GB/T 3730.2-1996 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes
GB/T 4780-2000 Terms for motor vehicle body
GB 8410-2006 Flammability of automotive interior materials
GB/T 12428-2005 Laden mass calculating method for buses
GB 14166 Safety-belts, restraint systems, child restraint systems and
ISOFIX child restraint systems for occupants of power-driven vehicles
GB 14167 Safety-belt anchorages, ISOFIX anchorages systems and ISOFIX
top tether anchorages for vehicles
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB 30678 Safety signs and information symbols for the use of bus
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 3730.2-1996, GB/T 4780-2000,
GB/T 15089 as well as the following terms and definitions apply to this
crew member (if there is a seat for the crew) (75 kg/person).
3.33
"Front" and "rear"
In front of or behind the vehicle in the normal driving direction.
4 Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 If the bus belongs to more than one class of class A, class B, class I, Class
II, and class III at the same time, the bus shall comply with the corresponding
provisions of this standard according to each class to which it belongs.
4.1.2 If no special provisions are made, the measurement in this standard shall
performed on the bus at the mass of vehicle in running order (the crew members
are seated or with corresponding counterweight) which is parked on a flat level.
The adjustable backrest angle of the passenger seat and the driver's seat as
well as the other adjustments shall be at the design reference position as
specified by the manufacturer. If it is equipped with a kneeling system, it shall
be set at the normal height when the bus is traveling.
4.1.3 The provisions of this standard require that a certain surface in the bus
shall be horizontal or at a certain angle at the mass of vehicle in running order.
For buses that use mechanical suspension, as long as the bus can meet the
requirements under the loading conditions declared by the manufacturer, the
surface can be inclined or exceed the specified angle at the mass of vehicle in
running order. If the bus is equipped with a kneeling system, the system shall
not be in working condition.
4.1.4 Buses that provide convenient facilities for wheelchair users shall comply
with the provisions of Appendix A.
4.2 Axle load and passenger area
4.2.1 Axle load
When the bus is at the mass of vehicle in running order and the maximum
design total mass state, the percentage of the load on the front axle and the
mass of the vehicle under the corresponding load state shall be greater than or
equal to the provisions in Table 1.
- The projected area of the space reserved for wheelchair users only.
4.2.2.3 Minimum number of seats
For class I, class II and class A buses, the number of passenger seats on each
floor shall be at least equal to the floor area (in square meters) for passengers
and crew member (if any) on this floor, after rounding off to the nearest integer.
In class I vehicles (excluding the upper deck of double-deck buses), the number
of passenger seats shall not be less than 90% of this integer.
4.3 Roll stability
4.3.1 The test platform for the parking of buses shall be inclined to the left and
right by 28° from the horizontal position, the bus shall not roll over.
4.3.2 When carrying out the stability test, the bus shall be at the mass of the
bus in running order, meanwhile the load shall be configured as follows:
a) The load on each seat (for double-deck buses, only on the seats at upper
deck) is 65 kg (68 kg for class B, class II or class III buses and 75 kg for
crew members). For class I, II or class A single-deck buses, the
corresponding load of 65 kg for standing passengers (68 kg for
passengers of class II buses) shall be evenly distributed in the
corresponding standing area, meanwhile the height of center of mass is
875 mm above the floor. If the bus is equipped with an outer roof rack, it
shall be uniformly loaded according to the mass specified by the
manufacturer (the value is greater than or equal to R × Vx) and fixed firmly.
There shall be no luggage in the luggage rack and luggage compartment.
Among them, the values of R and Vx are checked according to GB/T
12428-2005.
b) If the bus is designed to carry one or more wheelchairs, the wheelchair
area shall be loaded as follows:
1) For the area reserved for wheelchair users in accordance with A.7.4,
the sum of the mass of the wheelchair and its users is 250 kg,
meanwhile the center of mass is located 500 mm above the center floor
of each wheelchair space;
2) For class III and class B vehicles, if seats are installed in the area, the
seats are loaded according to the passenger mass of the
corresponding class of seat;
3) For class A, class I and class II buses, if seats are installed in the area,
the seats are loaded according to the mass of seat passengers of the
4.4.2 Fuel tank
4.4.2.1 The fuel tank shall be fixed firmly. Its...