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MT/T 1091-2008: Standard for exploration and evaluation of hydrogeology, engineering geology and environment geology in coal beds
MT/T 1091-2008
COAL INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.020
D 14
Registration number: 26892-2010
Standard for exploration and evaluation of
hydrogeology, engineering geology and environment
geology in coal beds
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 11, 2009
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2010
Issued by: State Administration of Work Safety
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Terms and definitions ... 6 
4 General ... 8 
5 Hydrogeological exploration and evaluation ... 9 
5.1 Degree of work ... 9 
5.2 Classification of hydrogeological exploration types ... 9 
5.3 Problems to be identified for various types of filling deposits ... 11 
5.4 Principles and quantity of exploration project layout ... 13 
5.5 Hydrogeological survey and mapping ... 15 
5.6 Hydrogeological and geophysical prospecting ... 20 
5.7 Simple hydrological and geological observations of borehole ... 23 
5.8 Pumping test ... 25 
5.9 Dynamic observation and water sampling ... 33 
5.10 Estimate of mine yield water ... 37 
6 Engineering geological exploration and evaluation ... 38 
6.1 Exploration types ... 38 
6.2 Basic requirements ... 39 
6.3 Principles for project layout ... 41 
6.4 Technical requirements for exploration ... 42 
6.5 Engineering geological evaluation ... 46 
7 Environmental geological exploration and evaluation ... 47 
7.1 General requirements ... 47 
7.2 Environmental geological investigation ... 48 
7.3 Environmental geological assessment ... 50 
Appendix A (Normative) Grading of water-richness of aquifer ... 53 
Appendix B (Normative) Grading of structural planes ... 54 
Appendix C (Normative) Grading of rock and rock mass quality and rock mass
advantages ... 55 
Appendix D (Informative) Empirical formulas for the maximum height of fall
zone and water-conducting fracture zone ... 56 
Appendix E (Informative) Calculation formula of safe impervious thickness and
water yield coefficient ... 57 
Appendix F (Informative) Classification of rock mass structure ... 58 
Appendix G (Informative) Field identification of weathering degree of rock mass
... 64 
Appendix H (Informative) Indoor test items for rock (soil) samples ... 65 
Appendix I (Informative) Basic work quantity of hydrogeological exploration 66 
Appendix J (Informative) Work quantity of engineering geological exploration
... 70 
Appendix K (Informative) River observation methods and tool making ... 71 
Appendix L (Informative) Common methods and formulas for estimating
underground mine water yield ... 77 
Standard for exploration and evaluation of
hydrogeology, engineering geology and environment
geology in coal beds
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic guidelines for hydrogeological, engineering,
and environmental geological work in the geological exploration of coal
resources; it focuses on the technical requirements and working methods of the
exploration.
This standard is applicable to the design and preparation, exploration and
construction, geological research, geological report preparation and review,
resource / reserve evaluation, mining right assessment, feasibility study at each
stage of geological exploration of coal resources.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB 3838 Environmental quality standards for surface water
GB 12719 Exploration specification of hydrogeology and engineering
geology in mining areas
GB/T 14158 Survey code for regional hydrogeology, engineering geology
and environmental geology
GB/T 14848 Quality standard for ground water
GB 50027 Standard for hydrogeological investigation of water-supply
DZ/T 0080 Specifications for geophysical logging of coal
DZ/T 0215 Specifications for coal, peat exploration
5 Hydrogeological exploration and evaluation
5.1 Degree of work
Pre-exploration stage: Hydrogeological work is generally not carried out.
General exploration stage: Roughly understand the hydrogeological conditions
of the exploration area. Evaluate the economic significance of coal resources
and the possibility of development and construction.
Detailed investigation stage: Basically, identify the hydrogeological conditions
of the exploration area, evaluate the hydrogeological conditions that may affect
the development and construction of the mining area, provide a basis for the
overall development planning of the mining area.
Exploration stage: Detailed identification of the hydrological and geological
conditions of the mine field, evaluation of the mine water-filling factors,
budgeting of water yield at the pre-mined mining area, prediction of the
possibility and location of water yield during the mining process, comment on
possible changes in hydrogeological conditions after mining, evaluation of the
utilization possibility and approach of mining water, provide geological data for
the feasibility study and preliminary design of the mine construction.
5.2 Classification of hydrogeological exploration types
5.2.1 Well engineering coal mine
5.2.1.1 According to the characteristics of the water-containing space of the
directly filling aquifer, the hydrogeological exploration of the coal bed is divided
into three categories:
a) The first category, ore deposits dominated by loose pore aquifers, which
are called pore-filled ore deposits;
b) The second category, ore deposits dominated by clastic rock aquifers,
which are called fissure filling deposits;
c) The third category, ore deposits dominated by carbonate karst aquifers,
which are called karst filling deposits. It is further divided into two sub-
types according to their filling methods:
1) The first sub-category, karst filling deposits dominated by water yield
from roof;
b) The unit water yield of directly filled aquifer is q < 1.0 L / (s·m), without
strong water-rich rock formations that are difficult to drain.
5.2.2.2 Type II has medium hydrogeological conditions and easy to dry out:
a) The unit water yield of directly filled aquifer is 1.0 g / (s·m) ≤ q ≤ 10 L /
(s·m), the aquifer is weak in water-richness;
b) The unit water yield of directly filled aquifer is 10.0 L / (s·m) < q ≤ 20.0 L
/ (s·m), but the recharge source is lacking.
5.2.2.3 Type III deposits have complicated hydrogeological conditions and
difficult to dry out:
a) The unit water yield of directly filled aquifer is q > 10.0 L / (s·m), there is
a large surface water body nearby and it is hydraulically connected to
groundwater; or although the recharge conditions are not good, q > 20.0
L / (s·m);
b) Open-air direct filling aquifers are thick, widely distributed, has strong
water-richness, which are prone to engineering geological problems such
as quicksand and difficult to dry out.
5.3 Problems to be identified for various types of filling
deposits
5.3.1 Pore-filled ore deposits
It shall focus on identifying the types of aquifers, distribution, lithology, thickness,
depth, structure, grain size, roundness, sortability, ...