GB 16151.1-2008 English PDF (GB16151.1-2008)

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GB 16151.1-2008: [Including 2009XG1] Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery -- Part 1: Tractor
GB 16151.1-2008
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 65.060.01
B 90
Replacing GB 16151.1 ~ 16151.3-1996
Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural
machinery - Part 1: Tractor
ISSUED ON: JULY 04, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Terms and definitions... 6 
4 Whole machine ... 7 
5 Engine ... 8 
6 Driving system ... 9 
7 Frame and walking system ... 9 
8 Steering system ... 10 
9 Brake system ... 11 
10 Lighting, signaling, other electrical equipment ... 13 
11 Hydraulic suspension and traction device ... 16 
12 Cabs and other components ... 16 
13 Control of exhaust pollutants ... 17 
14 Noise control ... 18 
Appendix A (Normative) Test method for braking performance ... 19 
Appendix B (Normative) Inspection method of irradiation position of headlamp beam
... 21 
Appendix C (Normative) Noise test method at driver's operating position ... 22 
Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural
machinery - Part 1: Tractor
1 Scope
This Part of GB 16151 specifies the basic technical requirements, for the operation
safety, exhaust pollution control, noise control, on the complete tractor and its engine,
drive train, walking system, steering system, braking system, lighting and signal
devices, hydraulic suspension and traction devices, cab and other components.
This Part applies to the safety inspection of wheeled, crawler, walking tractors and
tractor towing trailer for transportations, which are used in China. Other power
machinery, which has tractor function AND used for agricultural operations, may make
reference to this Part.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Part of GB 16151
through reference in this Part. For the dated references, the subsequent amendments
(excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Part; however, parties who
reach an agreement based on this Part are encouraged to study if the latest versions of
these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document applies.
GB 3847-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E.
(Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E.
GB/T 3871.3 Agricultural tractors - Test procedures - Part 3: Power tests for power
take-off (GB/T 3871.3-2006, ISO 789-1:1990, MOD)
GB/T 3871.8 Agricultural tractors - Test procedures - Part 8: Noise measurement
(GB/T 3871.8-2006, OECD R5:2002, MOD)
GB/T 4269.1 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and
garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 1:
Common symbols (GB/T 4269.1-2000, idt ISO 3767-1:1991)
GB/T 4269.2 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and
garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other display - Part 2:
Symbols for agricultural tractors and machine (GB/T 4269.2-2000, idt ISO 3767-
2:1991)
6 Driving system
6.1 The casing of the clutch, transmission, transfer case, drive axle, final drive, power
take-off, starter transmission mechanism shall be free of cracks; there shall be no
abnormal noise or abnormal temperature rise, during operation.
6.2 The clutch disengagement shall be thorough; the engagement shall be smooth. Its
free stroke shall meet the requirements of product technical documents. For the clutch
operating force:
a) The pedal shall not exceed 350 N (double-acting clutch shall not exceed 400 N);
b) The handle shall not exceed 100 N.
6.3 The gearbox shall not have disordered gear and automatic dislocation.
6.4 The differential lock of a tractor, which is equipped with a differential lock, shall be
reliable; the operating handle or pedal shall return quickly, without jamming.
7 Frame and walking system
7.1 The frame shall be complete; there shall be no cracks, deformation, serious
corrosion that affect safety; bolts and rivets shall not be missing and loose.
7.2 The front and rear axles shall not have deformation and cracks, which affect safety;
the engine frame shall not have cracks.
7.3 The hub, rim, web, lock ring shall not have cracks or deformations, which affect
safety; the nuts shall be complete and tightened according to the specified torque.
7.4 The model of tires shall comply with the provisions of the product technical
documents. During transportation, driving wheels with smooth treads OR steering
wheels with tread heights below 3.2 mm shall not be installed; the retreaded tires shall
not be installed. The tire sidewall and tread shall not have exposed lines, or rupture and
cut which have a length of more than 25 mm and depth enough to expose the ply.
7.5 The direction of the driving tire's tread shall not be reversed (except in the desert).
The left and right tires, on the same axis, have the same tread pattern and roughly the
same degree of wear.
7.6 The tractor towing trailer for transportation is not allowed to be equipped with high
tread tires.
7.7 The tire pressure shall be consistent with the requirements of the product's technical
documents.
7.8 The toe-in value of the front wheel shall comply with the requirements of the
product's technical documents.
7.9 The front and rear wheels shall be provided with fenders, according to the
requirements of the technical documents.
7.10 The length of the track buffer spring, after preloading, shall meet the requirements;
the left and right shall be equal. The idler axle and its wishbones shall be able to move
back and forth, without hindrance.
8 Steering system
8.1 The steering wheel shall be flexibly steered, easy to operate, free from blockage; its
maximum free rotation shall not exceed 30°.
8.2 The steering of the tractor shall be provided with a steering limit device. The
steering system is not allowed to interfere with other components, in any operating
position.
8.3 The steering system shall be light and flexible; there shall be no swing, jitter,
deviation, or other abnormal phenomena, on flat, dry, hard pavements.
8.4 Steering wheel's operating force:
a) The mechanical steering gear shall not exceed 250 N;
b) When the full hydraulic steering gear fails, it shall not exceed 600 N.
8.5 Steering mechanism shall ensure smooth steering. The minimum steering circle's
diameter shall meet the requirements of product technical documents.
8.6 For the steering vertical arm, the steering knuckle arm, the longitudinal and
transverse tie rods between them, they are connected reliably and without deformation.
The ball head clearance and the front wheel bearing clearance are appropriate; there
shall be no looseness. The front wheel shall be free from noticeable swing, when driving
along flat road, at high speed.
8.7 When the full hydraulic steering wheel is turned from the limit position at one side
to the limit position at another side, the number of rotations of the steering wheel shall
not exceed 5 turns.
8.8 The oil level of the hydraulic steering system shall be normal; there shall be no
leakage everywhere; there is no air in the oil circuit.
8.9 The working stroke and free stroke of the steering lever of the crawler tractor shall
meet the requirements of the product technical documents....