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GB 1886.338-2021: National food safety standard - Food additives - Trisodium phosphate
GB 1886.338-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National food safety standard - Food additives -
Trisodium phosphate
ISSUED ON: FEBRUARY 22, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 22, 2021
Issued by: National Health Commission of the People's Republic of
China;
State Administration for Market Regulation.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Molecular formula and relative molecular mass ... 4 
3 Technical requirements ... 4 
Appendix A Inspection method ... 6 
National food safety standard - Food additives -
Trisodium phosphate
1 Scope
This Standard applies to food additive trisodium phosphate that is produced
with sodium carbonate (or sodium hydroxide) and the food additive phosphoric
acid (including wet-process phosphoric acid) as raw materials.
2 Molecular formula and relative molecular mass
2.1 Molecular formula
Trisodium phosphate anhydrous: Na3PO4
Trisodium phosphate monohydrate: Na3PO4·H2O
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate: Na3PO4·12H2O
2.2 Relative molecular mass
Trisodium phosphate anhydrous: 163.94 (according to 2018 international
relative atomic mass)
Trisodium phosphate monohydrate: 181.96 (according to 2018 international
relative atomic mass)
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate: 380.14 (according to 2018 international
relative atomic mass)
3 Technical requirements
3.1 Sensory requirements
Sensory requirements shall be in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 – Sensory requirements
Appendix A 
Inspection method
WARNING: Some reagents that are used in the test method of this
Standard are toxic or corrosive. Be careful during the operation! If it
splashes on the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water. In
severe cases, treat it immediately.
A.1 General provisions
The reagents and water that are used in this Standard, when no other
requirements are specified, refer to analytical reagents and grade-III water
which is specified in GB/T 6682. The standard titration solutions, preparations
and products, which are used in the test, are all prepared in accordance with
GB/T 601, GB/T 602, and GB/T 603, unless other requirements are specified.
The used solution, if not indicated which solvent is used, refers to aqueous
solution.
A.2 Identification test
A.2.1 Reagents and materials
A.2.1.1 Hydrochloric acid.
A.2.1.2 Acetic acid solution: 1+1.
A.2.1.3 Ammonia solution: 2+3.
A.2.1.4 Silver nitrate solution (17 g/L).
A.2.1.5 Platinum wire ring.
A.2.2 Identification method
A.2.2.1 Sodium ion
Weigh 1 g of the sample; add 20 mL of water to dissolve. After wetting the
platinum wire ring with hydrochloric acid, burn it to colorless on a colorless flame.
Dip the test solution again and burn in a colorless flame. The flame shall be
bright yellow.
A.2.2.2 Phosphate ion
Weigh 0.1 g of the sample; dissolve it in 10 mL of water; add 1 mL of silver
nitrate solution, to produce yellow precipitate. This precipitate is soluble in
ammonia solution, and insoluble in acetic acid solution.
Where:
50 – volume of the accurately added hydrochloric acid standard titration solution,
in milliliters (mL);
c1 – accurate concentration of the hydrochloric acid standard titration solution,
in moles per liter (mol/L).
V – volume of the sodium hydroxide standard titration solution that is consumed
when it is titrated with sodium hydroxide standard titration solution to pH ≈
4, after the test solution is added with 50 mL of hydrochloric acid standard
titration solution, in milliliters (mL);
c2 – accurate concentration of the sodium hydroxide standard titration solution,
in moles per liter (mol/L);
The mass fraction w1 of trisodium phosphate anhydrous (Na3PO4) or trisodium
phosphate monohydrate (as Na3PO4) or trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate
(as Na3PO4) is calculated according to Formulas (A.2) or (A.3).
When V1×c1≥2×V2×c2,
When V1×c1< 2×V2×c2,
Where:
c1 – accurate concentration of the hydrochloric acid standard titration solution,
in moles per liter (mol/L).
c2 – accurate concentration of the sodium hydroxide standard titration solution,
in moles per liter (mol/L);
V1 – volume of the hydrochloric acid standard titration solution that is consumed
when the test solution is titrated to pH ≈ 4, in milliliters (mL);
V2 – volume of the sodium hydroxide standard titration solution that is
consumed from pH ≈ 4.0 to pH ≈ 8.8, in milliliters (mL);
m – sample mass, in grams (g).
phosphate monohydrate (Na3PO4H2O); not more than 0.1% for trisodium
phosphate dodecahydrate (Na3PO4·12H2O).
A.5 Determination of water insoluble matter
A.5.1 Instruments and apparatuses
A.5.1.1 Glass sand crucible: The aperture of the filter plate is 5 μm ~ 15 μm.
A.5.1.2 Electrothermal constant-temperature dry box: The temperature control
range is 105 °C ± 2 °C.
A.5.2 Analysis steps
Weigh about 20 g of the sample, accurate to 0.01 g; place it in a 400 mL beaker;
add 200 mL of water; heat to dissolve it. While it is hot, use a glass sand crucible
that has been dried to constant mass at 105 °C ± 2 °C to filter; use hot water to
wash it until the filtrate is alkali-free. Place the glass sand crucible and water-
insoluble matter in an electrothermal constant-temperature dry box at 105 °C ±
2 °C to dry until the mass is constant.
A.5.3 Result calculation
Calculate the mass fraction w3 of the water insoluble matter according to
Formula (A.5).
Where:
m4 – mass of the water insoluble matter and the glass sand crucible, in grams
(g);
m5 – mass of the glass sand crucible, in grams (g);
m6 – sample mass, in grams (g).
The test result is based on the arithmetic mean of the parallel determination
results. The absolute difference between two independent determination results
that are obtained under repeatability conditions is not more than 0.02%.
A.6 Determination of pH (10 g/L solution)
A.6.1 Reagents and materials
Carbon dioxide-free water.
A.6.2 Instruments and apparatuses