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GB/T 13173-2021: Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents
GB/T 13173-2021
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 71.100.40
Y 43
Replacing GB/T 13173-2008
Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents
(ISO 607:1980, ISO 697:1981, ISO 4313:1976, ISO 4321:1977, ISO 4325:1990, ISO
21264:2019, MOD)
ISSUE ON: MAY 21, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 1, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation of the People's Republic of
China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Reduction of sample ... 8
5 Determination of particle size of powdered detergents ... 13
6 Determination of total phosphorus oxide content in detergents ... 15
7 Determination of total active substance content in detergents ... 21
8 Determination of non-ionic surface active agent content in detergents (ion exchange
method) ... 25
9 Separation determination of various phosphates content in detergents (ion exchange
column chromatography) ... 29
10 Determination of toluene sulfonate content in detergents ... 34
11 Determination of foaming power for synthetic detergents (Ross-Miles method) 37
12 Determination of EDTA (chelating agent) content in detergents -- Titrimetric
method ... 42
13 Determination of apparent density of powdered detergent -- Method by measuring
the mass of a given volume ... 44
14 Determination of whiteness of powdered detergents ... 48
15 Determination of moisture and volatile content in detergents (oven method) ... 51
16 Determination of active oxygen content in detergents (titrimetric method) ... 52
17 Determination of 4A zeolite content in detergents (titrimetric method) ... 54
18 Determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates content in detergents ... 57
19 Determination of available chlorine content in detergents (titrimetric method) . 62
20 Determination of free alkali content in detergents ... 64
21 Determination of dry sodium soap content in detergents ... 66
22 Determination of high and low temperature stability of detergents ... 69
23 Determination of odour of detergents ... 69
24 Determination of colour and appearance of detergents ... 70
25 Test result report requirements ... 70
Annex A (Informative) Structural changes of this standard with respect to ISO
standards ... 71
Annex B (Informative) Technical differences between this standard and ISO
standards adopted and their causes ... 74
Annex C (Informative) Identification test of alkylphenol ethoxylates ... 78
Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents
1 Scope
This standard describes the test methods for indexes of surface active agents and
detergents, such as sample reduction, particle size, total phosphorus oxide content, total
active substance content, non-ionic surface active agent content, various phosphate
content, toluenesulfonate content, foaming power, chelating agent (EDTA) content,
apparent density, whiteness, moisture and volatile matter content, active oxygen content,
4A zeolite content, alkylphenol ethoxylates content, effective chlorine content, free
alkali content, dry sodium soap content, stability at high and low temperature, odour,
colour and appearance, etc.
This standard is applicable to the index determination of surface active agents and
detergent products.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6003.1 Test sieves -- Technical requirements and testing -- Part 1: Test
sieves of metal wire cloth (GB/T 6003.1-2012, ISO 3310-1: 2000,
MOD)
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use -- Specification and test
methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696: 1987, MOD)
JJG 512 Whiteness meters
QB/T 2739-
2005
Preparations of standard volumetric solutions of general test
methods for washing products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
surface active agents
The surface-active compound that dissolves in liquids, especially in water, and has a
open the valve fully so as to allow the contents of the hopper to run over the cone, thus
dividing the bulk sample into two portions one of which is deposited in each receiver.
Retain one of these portions and discard the other. Pass a fresh quantity of bulk sample
through the conical divider and repeat the operation until all the bulk sample has been
divided.
Clean the apparatus and again pass the retained portions, corresponding to half the bulk
sample, through the apparatus as described above and repeat this operation until a
reduced sample of the required mass has been obtained.
4.2.1.3.2 Preparation of several equivalent samples
If more than one sample is required, prepare sufficient reduced sample to obtain 2n
equivalent samples where 2n equals or exceeds the number of samples required.
Subsequently, divide the reduced sample into 2n equal portions by means of the conical
divider. Immediately place the whole of each portion in an airtight bottle or flask.
4.2.1.3.3 Preparation of test samples
If test samples are required from the laboratory samples, treat the latter as specified in
4.2.1.3.1 and 4.2.1.3.2.
The minimum mass of the test samples shall in no case be less than 10g, otherwise there
is a risk that the test samples may not be truly representative of the bulk sample and,
hence, will be unsuitable for test purposes.
4.2.2 Products in paste form
4.2.2.1 Apparatus
4.2.2.1.1 Scoop or spatula, for sampling.
4.2.2.1.2 Suitable mixer, provided with a beater, for blending. In general, it shall be
sufficiently powerful so that, when used with a beater of suitable design, the whole of
the bulk sample is mixed and a creamy mass attained within 5 min.
4.2.2.2 Preparation of a reduced sample
Warm the product (bulk sample or laboratory sample) in its original container to 35°C
to 40°C, and mix immediately using the domestic mixer (4.2.2.1.2) for 2 to 3 min until
a homogeneous mass is obtained.
The paste shall not be removed from the original container before mixing as this may
result in the production of a non-representative sample. It is therefore essential that the
bulk sample is in a container which will allow mixing without transfer.
The heating and mixing time shall be as short as possible so as to reduce to a minimum
any change in the product. Using the spatula or scoop, remove immediately the required
quantity of sample and transfer it into an appropriate, previously tared container, fitted
with a stopper.
Allow the contents of the container to cool to room temperature, and reweigh to obtain
the mass of the reduced sample.
Note: Contact of the paste with glass vessels readily causes separation of a lye; therefore,
once the sample is placed in the vessel, no part shall be withdrawn to adjust the mass.
There is a slight loss of moisture during mixing and weighing but experience has shown
that, in practice, this is at an acceptable level.
4.2.3 Products in liquid form
4.2.3.1 Apparatus
4.2.3.1.1 Glass flasks or weighing pipettes, for sampling.
4.2.3.1.2 Manual stirrer (for example, a glass rod).
4.2.3.1.3 Mechanical stirrer.
4.2.3.2 Preparation of a reduced sample
If the product (bulk sample or laboratory sample) is cl...