GB/T 3730.1-2022 English PDF (GB/T3730.1-2022)

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GB/T 3730.1-2022: Terms and definitions of motor vehicles����trailers and combination vehicle - Part 1: Typ
GB/T 3730.1-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 04
Replacing GB/T 3730.1-2001
Terms and Definitions of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and
Combination Vehicle - Part 1: Types
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 30, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 8
1 Scope ... 10
2 Normative References ... 10
3 Basic Terms and Definitions ... 10
4 Terms and Definitions of Passenger Car ... 13
5 Terms and Definitions of Bus ... 19
6 Terms and Definitions of Goods Vehicle ... 22
7 Terms and Definitions of Trailer ... 25
8 Terms and Definitions of Combination Vehicle ... 28
9 Terms and Definitions of Vehicles with Different Energy Types... 30
Appendix A (informative) Class of Passenger Cars ... 32
Bibliography ... 34
Index ... 35
Terms and Definitions of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and
Combination Vehicle - Part 1: Types
1 Scope
This document defines the terms and definitions of the types of motor vehicles, trailers and
combination vehicles.
This document is applicable to motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicles designed for
operation on roads.
2 Normative References
This document does not have normative references.
3 Basic Terms and Definitions
3.1 completed vehicle
Completed vehicle refers to a vehicle that already has the designed functions and no longer
needs manufacturing operations.
3.2 incomplete vehicle
Incomplete vehicle refers to a drivable unit that consists of at least a frame or other load-bearing
structures, power system, transmission system, driving system, steering system and braking
system, etc., but still requires manufacturing operations to become a completed vehicle.
3.2.1 type II chassis
Type II chassis refers to an incomplete vehicle with a cab and no cargo platform or operating
equipment.
3.2.2 type III chassis
Type III chassis refers to an incomplete vehicle without vehicle body, cargo platform or
operating equipment.
3.3 motor vehicle
Motor vehicle refers to a non-track-borne vehicle driven by power, and with four or more
wheels, including vehicle connected to power lines (for example, trolley bus), which is mainly
used for:
---carrying persons and / or cargos (goods);
---towing vehicles carrying persons and / or cargos (goods) or vehicles for special purposes;
---special operations or special purposes.
This term also includes the following power-driven and non-track-borne three-wheeled vehicles:
a) Three-wheeled vehicles with a complete vehicle curb weight of more than 400 kg,
without a cab, and used for carrying cargos;
b) Three-wheeled vehicles with a complete vehicle curb weight of more than 600 kg,
without a cab, cargo-carrying structure or function, and designed and manufactured
for a maximum of 2 persons (including the driver);
c) Three-wheeled vehicles with a complete vehicle curb weight of more than 600 kg.
NOTE: vehicle refers to completed vehicle.
3.3.1 passenger car
Passenger car refers to a vehicle mainly used to carry passengers and their carry-on luggage
and / or temporary goods in terms of design, manufacture and technical characteristics, and with
a maximum of 9 seats, including the driver’s seat.
NOTE: passenger car may be equipped with certain special purpose equipment or appliances, and
may also have tow trailers.
3.3.2 bus
Bus refers to a vehicle used to carry passengers and their carry-on luggage in terms of design,
manufacture and technical characteristics, and with over 9 seats, including the driver’s seat.
NOTE: bus may tow trailers.
3.3.3 goods vehicle
Goods vehicle refers to a vehicle mainly used to carry cargos and / or tow trailers in terms of
design, manufacture and technical characteristics. It also includes vehicles equipped with
certain special equipment or appliances, but with the main purpose of carrying cargos, and do
not belong to special operation vehicle or special purpose vehicle.
3.3.4 special vehicle
Special vehicle refers to a vehicle used to carry specific personnel, transport special cargos
(including the special structure of the loading part) in terms of design, manufacture and
technical characteristics, or equipped with special devices for special engineering (including
b) Roof (head cover): fixed hard top; a part of some roofs can be opened;
c) Seats: 4 or more seats, at least 2 rows; the rear seats can be folded or moved to form
a loading space;
d) Doors: 2 or 4 side doors, one can be opened at the rear.
4.2.2 convertible saloon
Convertible saloon refers to a passenger car with the following technical characteristics:
a) Vehicle body: an openable body with a fixed side frame;
b) Roof (head cover): the roof is hard or soft, and has at least two positions:
1) Closed;
2) Open or removable.
c) The openable vehicle body can be closed by using one or several hard-top parts and /
or folding soft top;
d) Seats: 4 or more seats, at least 2 rows;
e) Doors: 2 or 4 side doors;
f) Windows: 4 or more side windows.
NOTE: window refers to a glass window, which may consist of one or several pieces of glass (for
example, ventilation window is a constituent part of the window).
4.2.3 pullman saloon; pullman sedan; executive limousine
Pullman saloon refers to a passenger car with the following technical characteristics:
a) Vehicle body: closed, with a partition between the front and rear seats;
b) Roof (head cover): fixed hard top; a part of some roofs can be opened;
c) Seats: 4 or more seats, at least 2 rows; foldable seats can be mounted in front of the
rear seats;
d) Doors: 4 or 6 side doors; one rear-opening door is also allowed;
e) Windows: 6 or more side windows.
4.2.4 coupe
Coupe refers to a passenger car with the following technical characteristics:
a) Vehicle body: closed, usually with a relatively small rear space;
b) Roof (head cover): fixed hard top; a part of some roofs can be opened;
c) Seats: 2 or more seats, at least 1 row;
d) Doors: 2 side doors; one rear-opening door is also allowed;
e) Windows: 2 or more side windows.
4.2.5 convertible; open tourer; roadster; spider
Convertible refers to a passenger car with the following technical characteristics:
a) Vehicle body: openable;
b) Roof (head cover): the roof is hard or soft, and has at least two positions:
1) The first position covers the vehicle body;
2) The second position with the roof retractable or removable.
c) Seats: 2 or more seats, at least 1 row.
d) Doors: 2 or 4 side doors;
e) Windows: 2 or more side windows.
4.2.6 hatchback
Hatchback refers to a passenger car with the following technical characteristics:
a) Vehicle body: closed, with or without side window center pillars;
b) Roof (head cover): fixed hard top; a part of some roofs can be opened;
c) Seats: 4 or more seats, at least 2 rows; the rear seats can be folded or moved to form
a loading space;
d) Doors: 2 or 4 side doors; a door that be vertically opened is provided at the rear of the
vehicle body.
4.2.7 station wagon
Station wagon refers to a passenger car with the following technical characteristics:
a) Vehicle body: closed; the shape of the rear can provide a relatively large internal space;
b) Roof (head cover): fixed hard top; a part of some roofs can be opened;
5.4 interurban bus
Interurban bus refers to a bus specially designed and manufactured for transporting short-
distance passengers between cities or between urban and rural areas, and without a passenger
standing area.
5.5 city bus; urban bus
City bus / urban bus refers to a bus equipped with seats and a passenger standing area, and
sufficient space for passengers to get on and off the bus during frequent stops. There are fixed
bus operating routes and stations, and they are mainly operated in urban built-up areas.
NOTE: trolley bus also belongs to city bus / urban bus.
5.5.1 low floorcity bus [Translator’s note: should be low-floor city bus]
Low-floor city bus refer to a city bus, in which, the floor of the central passage area from the
front passenger door to the centerline of the last axis (or beyond the centerline) forms a single
area without steps in the compartment (for double-deck bus, it is the lower compartment), and
each step of the passenger door in this area is a first-level step.
5.5.2 low entry city bus
Low entry city bus refers to a city bus, in which, the floor of the central passage area from the
front passenger door to the rear column of the passenger door in front of the drive axle of the
vehicle forms a single area without steps in the compartment (for double-deck bus, it is the
lower compartment), and each step of the passenger door in this area is a first-level step.
5.6 special bus
Special bus refers to a bus used to carry specific personnel and perform specific functions in
terms of design, manufacture and technical characteristics (for example, special school bus) and
a special vehicle equipped with special equipment or appliances, and with more than 9 seats
(including the driver’s seat). It also includes a special passenger-carrying vehicle modified on
the basis of bus but not classified as special operation vehicle.
5.6.1 special school bus
Special school bus refers to a special bus specially designed for the organized transportation of
preschool children over 3 years old or students in the compulsory education stage in terms of
design, manufacture and technical characteristics.
5.7 articulated bus
Articulated bus refers to a bus consisting of two or three interconnected rigid compartments
through articulation, and passengers can freely walk among the compartments through the
articulated parts.
NOTE: articulated bus has two or three rigid compartments that are permanently jointed together
and can only be disassembled in the workshop using specialized facilities.
5.8 double-deck bus
Double-deck bus refers to a bus whose compartments are divided into the upper and lower
layers.
5.9 light bus
Light bus refers to a bus with no more than 19 seats, including the driver’s seat, with a length
of not greater than 7,000 mm, and without a passenger standing area.
5.10 trolley bus
Trolley bus refers to a bus driven by electricity through wiring.
5.11 off-road bus
Off-road bus refers to a bus with one of the following two technical characteristics:
a) The maximum design total mass does not exceed 12,000 kg, and all wheels are
designed to be simultaneously driven (including vehicles whose drive axle can be
disengaged), or simultaneously meet the following conditions:
1) At least one front axle and at least one rear axle can be simultaneously driven
(including vehicles whose drive axle can be disengaged);
2) At least one differential locking mechanism or at least one similarly acting
mechanism;
3) When the vehicle is in the maximum design total mass state, the calculated
gradient of a single vehicle is at least 25%.
b) The maximum design total mass exceeds 12,000 kg, and all wheels are designed to
be simultaneously driven (including vehicles whose drive axle can be disengaged), or
simultaneously meet the following conditions:
1) At least half of the wheels are used for drive;
2) At least one differential locking mechanism or at least one similarly acting
mechanism;
3) When the vehicle is in the maximum design total mass state, the calculated
gradient of a single vehicle is at least 25%;
4) When the vehicle is in the maximum design total mass state, and has at least four
of the following six technical characteristics:
6.2 curtain side vehicle
Curtain side vehicle refers to a goods vehicle whose structure of the loading part is side curtain
type and independent from the driver’s cab; the side of the loading part is equipped with slidable
side curtains, sliding columns, side curtain tightening devices and cargo breast boards or
handrails; the roof is composed of left and right side beams, front and rear end beams, metal
beams and a top plate; fastening points can be set on the floor.
6.3 close van
Close van refers to a goods vehicle whose structure of the loading part is a closed compartment,
which is integrated with the driver’s cab; the vehicle body structure is one-van or two-van.
6.4 multipurpose goods vehicle
pick-up vehicle
Multipurpose goods vehicle refers to a vehicle with a long vehicle body and cab structure, and
an open cargo box (the roof of the cargo box can be added), with no more than 5 seats (including
the driver) and a maximum design total mass of not greater than 3,500 kg.
NOTE: the long vehicle body means that more than half of the engine length is located before the
frontmost point of the vehicle’s front windshield (except battery electric vehicles and fuel
cell electric vehicles), and the center of the steering wheel is located behind the front
quarter of the vehicle’s total length.
6.5 off-road goods vehicle
Off-road goods vehicle refers to a goods vehicle with one of the following three technical
characteristics:
a) The maximum design total mass does not exceed 2,000 kg, and simultaneously have
the following technical characteristics:
1) At least one front axle and at least one rear axle can be simultaneously driven
(including vehicles whose drive axle can be disengaged);
2) At least one differential locking mechanism or at least one similarly acting
mechanism;
3) When the vehicle is in the complete vehicle curb weight and one-driver state, the
calculated gradient of a single vehicle is at least 25%;
4) When the vehicle is in the complete vehicle curb weight and one-driver state,
and has at least five of the following six technical characteristics:
---The approach angle is not less than 25;
---The departure angle is not less than 20;
---The ramp breakover angle is not less than 20;
---The ground clearance of the front axle is not less than 180 mm;
---The ground clearance of the rear axle is no...