GB/T 39086-2020 English PDF (GB/T39086-2020)

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GB/T 39086-2020: Functional safety requirements and testing methods for battery management system of electric vehicles
GB/T 39086-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040
T 35
Functional Safety Requirements and Testing Methods
for Battery Management System of Electric Vehicles
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 29, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 1, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative References ... 4 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 4 
4 General Requirements ... 8 
5 Definition of Related Items ... 8 
6 Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment ... 9 
7 Functional Safety Requirements ... 10 
8 Verification and Confirmation of Functional Safety ... 16 
Appendix A (informative) An Example of Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment
(HARA) with Battery Management System as a Related Item ... 30 
Appendix B (informative) An Example of Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment
(HARA) with Power Battery System as a Related Item ... 39 
Appendix C (informative) An Example of Determination Method for Fault
Tolerant Time Interval (FTTI) ... 47 
Functional Safety Requirements and Testing Methods
for Battery Management System of Electric Vehicles
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the functional safety requirements and test methods for power
battery management system (hereinafter referred to as “battery management system”)
of electric vehicles.
This Standard is applicable to lithium-ion battery management system for electric
passenger vehicles. Other types of power battery management systems and power
battery management systems for other types of vehicles may take this as a reference.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB 18384-2020 Electric Vehicles Safety Requirements
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of Electric Vehicles
GB/T 34590-2017 (all parts) Road Vehicles - Functional Safety
GB 38031-2020 Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety Requirements
GB/T 38661-2020 Technical Specifications of Battery Management System for Electric
Vehicles
3 Terms and Definitions
What is defined in GB/T 19596-2017 and GB/T 34590.1-2017, and the following terms
and definitions are applicable to this document. For ease of use, some terms and
definitions in GB/T 19596-2017 are repeated listed.
3.1 Battery Management System; BMS
Battery management system refers to a system that monitors the state (temperature,
voltage and state of charge, etc.) of a battery, and can provide communication, safety,
cell balancing and management control for the battery, and provide a communication
interface with application equipment.
3.6 Thermal Runaway
Thermal runaway refers to the phenomenon of uncontrollable rise of battery
temperature caused by the exothermic chain reaction of secondary cell.
[GB 38031-2020, Definition 3.14]
3.7 Thermal Propagation
Thermal propagation refers to the phenomenon of continuous thermal runaway of the
remaining secondary cells caused by the thermal runaway of one secondary cell in the
battery pack or system.
[GB 38031-2020, Definition 3.15]
3.8 Explosion
Explosion refers to pressure waves or ejections generated by the sudden release of
sufficient energy, which might cause structural or physical damage to the surrounding
area.
[GB 38031-2020, Definition 3.10]
3.9 Leakage
Leakage refers to the leakage of electrolyte inside the battery to the outside of the
battery shell.
[GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.3.3.13.7]
3.10 Venting
Venting refers to the release of gas through a pre-designed mode when the internal
pressure in a secondary cell or battery pack increases.
[GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.3.3.13.8]
3.11 Overcharge
Overcharge refers to continuing to charge after the cell or battery is fully charged.
[GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.3.3.2.4]
3.12 Over Discharge
Over discharge refers to continuing to discharge after the cell or battery is fully
discharged.
[GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.3.3.1.8]
3.13 Fire
Fire refers to the continuous combustion of secondary cells, modules, battery packs or
any parts of the system (flame duration is greater than 1 s).
NOTE 1: “flame duration is greater than 1 s” refers to the duration of a single flame, rather
than the cumulative time of multiple flames.
NOTE 2: sparks and arcs do not belong to combustion.
[GB 38031-2020, Definition 3.11]
4 General Requirements
Unless it is otherwise specified, the requirements for the functional safety technology
development and process development of battery management system shall be
implemented in accordance with GB/T 34590-2017 (all parts).
5 Definition of Related Items
5.1 General Rules
In accordance with the requirements of GB/T 34590.3-2017, related items shall be
defined. Related items refer to systems or system groups that implement vehicle-level
functions or partial functions.
NOTE: related items and their scope may be defined in accordance with specific conditions.
Appendix A and Appendix B respectively provide examples of functional concepts
that take battery management system and power battery system as related items,
and boundaries and interfaces of related items.
5.2 Functional Concept
In order to satisfy the safe operation of a vehicle and ensure the safety of the internal
and external personnel of the vehicle, and the vehicle environment, the battery
management system shall monitor and protect the safe operation of the power battery.
The functional requirements of the battery management system shall also satisfy GB
18384-2020, GB 38031-2020 and GB/T 38661-2020.
NOTE 1: Appendix A provides a description of the functional concept of charge
management and discharge management of the battery management system.
Appendix B provides a description of the functional concept of the power
battery system for charging and discharging.
NOTE 2: the state of charge includes external charge, internal charge (for example, vehicle
braking energy recovery), etc. The state of discharge includes driving discharge
parties through negotiation.
7.2.5 Alarm and degradation concept
After the battery management system detects an over-discharging fault of secondary
cell, it shall warn the driver through warning signals or prompt messages.
If there are scenarios where the power battery cannot immediately enter or maintain
the safe state, a degradation function (for example, limitation of charging power and
prohibition of the use of braking energy recovery function) shall be designed to put the
vehicle into the emergency operation mode.
7.3 Prevent Thermal Runaway Caused by Over-temperature of Secondary
Cell
7.3.1 General requirements
The battery management system shall monitor the temperature of secondary cell.
When the temperature of secondary cell exceeds the safety threshold, the power
battery system shall be put into a safe state within FTTI. When the over-temperature
fault withdrawal and elimination conditions of the secondary cell are not satisfied, the
power battery system shall not exit the safe state.
Fault detection, response and handling shall be completed within FTTI.
The safety threshold shall be provided based...