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GB/T 9535-1998 English PDF (GBT9535-1998)

GB/T 9535-1998 English PDF (GBT9535-1998)

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GB/T 9535-1998: Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic(PV) modules-design qualification and type approval
GB/T 9535-1998
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.160;31.260
F 12
eqv IEC 1215:1993
Replacing GB/T 9535-1988
Replacing GB/T 14007-1992
Replacing GB/T 14009-1992
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV)
Modules-Design Qualification and Type Approval
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 17, 1998
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 1, 1999
Issued by: State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
IEC Foreword ... 4
1 Scope and object ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Sampling ... 6
4 Marking ... 6
5 Testing ... 7
6 Pass Criteria ... 7
7 Major Visual Defects ... 8
8 Report ... 10
9 Modifications ... 11
10 Test Procedures ... 11
10. 1 Visual inspection ... 11
10.2 Performance at STC ... 12
10.3 Insulation test ... 12
10.4 Measurement of temperature coefficients ... 13
10.5 Measurement of nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT) ... 14
10.6 Performance at NOCT... 21
10.7 Performance at low irradiance ... 21
10.8 Outdoor exposure test ... 24
10.9 Hot-spot endurance test ... 24
10.10 UV test ... 31
10.11 Thermal cycling test ... 31
10.12 Humidity-freeze test ... 33
10.13 Damp-heat test ... 35
10.14 Robustness of terminations test ... 36
10.15 Twist test ... 38
10.16 Mechanical load test... 39
10.17 Hail test ... 40
Crystalline Silicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV)
Modules-Design Qualification and Type Approval
1 Scope and object
This International Standard lays down IEC requirements for the design qualification and type
approval of terrestrial photovoltaic modules suitable for long-term operation in general open-air
climates, as defined in GB/T 4797.1. It applies only to crystalline silicon types. Standards for thin-
film modules and other environments, such as marine or equator conditions, are under consideration.
This standard does not apply to modules used with concentrators.
The object of this test sequence is to determine the electrical and thermal characteristics of the
module and to show, as far as is possible within reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the
module is capable of withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope. The actual
lifetime expectancy of modules so qualified will depend on their design, their environment and the
conditions under which they are operated.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 2421-1989 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic products -
General and guidance (eqv IEC 68-1:1988)
GB/T 2423.3-1993 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic products
- Test Ca: Damp heat, steady state (eqv IEC 68-2-3:1984)
GB/T 2423.29-1982 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic
products -Test U: robustness of terminations and integral mounting devices (eqv IEC 68-2-
21:1980)
GB/T 2828-1987 Sampling procedures and tables for lot-by-lot inspection by attributes (Apply
to inspection of successive lots or batches)
GB/T 4797.1-1984 Environmental conditions appearing in nature of electric and electronic
products; Temperature and humidity
GB/T 6495.1-1996 Photovoltaic devices - Part 1: Measurement of photovoltaic current-voltage
characteristics (idt IEC 904-1:1987)
GB/T 6495.3-1996 Photovoltaic devices - Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial
photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data (idt IEC 904-3:1989)
GB/T 6495.4-1996 Procedures for temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V -
characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic devices (idt IEC 891:1987) Amendment No.1
(1992)
IEC 904-9:1996 Photovoltaic device – Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements
QC 001 002:1986 Rules of Procedure of the IEC Quality Assessment System for Electronic
Components (IECQ) Amendment No.1(1992)
3 Sampling
Eight modules for qualification testing (plus spares as desired) shall be taken at random from a
production batch or batches, in accordance with the procedure given in GB/T 2828. The
modules shall have been manufactured from specified materials and components in accordance
with the relevant drawings and process sheets and have been subjected to the manufacturer's
normal inspection, quality control and production acceptance procedures. The modules shall be
complete in every detail and shall be accompanied by the manufacturer's handling, mounting
and connection instructions, including the maximum permissible system voltage.
When the modules to be tested are prototypes of a new design and not from production, this
fact shall be noted in the test report (see Clause 8).
4 Marking
Each module shall carry the following clear and indelible markings:
- name, monogram or symbol of manufacturer;
- type or model number;
- serial number;
- polarity of terminals or leads (color coding is permissible);
- maximum system voltage for which the module is suitable.
The date and place of manufacture shall be marked on the module or be traceable from the
serial number.
5 Testing
The modules shall be divided into groups and subjected to the qualification test sequences in
Figure 1, carried out in the order laid down. Each box refers to the corresponding subclause in
this standard. Test procedures and severities, including initial and final measurements where
necessary, are detailed in Clause 10.
NOTE: Where the final measurements for one test serve as the initial measurements for the next test in
the sequence, they need not be repeated. In these cases, the initial measurements are omitted from the
test.
In carrying out the tests, the tester shall strictly observe the manufacturer's handling, mounting
and connection instructions. Test given in 10.4 may be omitted if the temperature coefficients
α and β are already known.
Test conditions are summarized in Table 1.
6 Pass Criteria
A module design shall be judged to have passed the qualification tests, and therefore to be IEC
type approved, if each test sample meets all the following criteria:
a) the degradation of maximum output power at standard test conditions (STC) does not
exceed the prescribed limit after each test nor 8 % after each test sequence;
b) no sample has exhibited any open-circuit or ground fault during the tests;
c) there is no visual evidence of a major defect, as defined in Clause 7;
d) the insulation test requirements are met after the tests.
If two or more modules do not meet these test criteria, the design shall be deemed not to have
met the qualification requirements. Should one module fail any test, another two modules
meeting the requirements of Clause 3 shall be subjected to the whole of the relevant test
sequence from the beginning. If one or both of these modules also fail, the design shall be
deemed not to have met the qualification requirements. If, however, both modules pass the test
sequence, the design shall be judged to have met the qualification requirements.
10.2 Performance at STC
10.2.1 Purpose
To determine how the electrical performance of the module varies with load at STC (cell
temperature: 25°C±2°C, irradiance: 1000 W...
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