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JJF 1107-2003: Calibration Specification of Infrared Thermometers for Measurement of Human Temperature
JJF 1107-2003
NATIONAL METROLOGICAL VERIFICATION REGULATIONS
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Calibration Specification of Infrared Thermometers for
Measurement of Human Temperature
ISSUED ON: JUNE 19, 2003
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 29, 2003
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine
Table of Contents
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Terms and units of measurement ... 5 
4 Overview ... 7 
5 Metering characteristics ... 7 
6 Calibration conditions ... 9 
7 Calibration items and calibration methods ... 11 
8 Expression of calibration results ... 14 
9 Recalibration interval ... 15 
Annex A Evaluation on calibration uncertainty of infrared thermometer ... 16 
Calibration Specification of Infrared Thermometers for
Measurement of Human Temperature
1 Scope
This Specification is applicable to calibration of infrared thermometers for
measurement of human temperature and infrared quick screening instruments
for measurement of human body surface temperature.
2 Normative references
JJF 1001-1998, General Terms in Metrology and Their Definitions
JJF 1007-1987, Temperature Metrological Terms and Their Definitions
JJF 1059-1999, Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement
GB/T 19146-2003, General requirements for infrared devices for instant
screening of human skin temperature
EN 12470-5:2003 (E) Clinical thermometers - Part 5: Performance of infrared
ear thermometers (with maximum device)
ASTM E 1965-98, Standard Specification for Infrared Thermometers for
Intermittent Determination of Patient Temperature
When using this regulations, the existing valid editions of above quoted
standards shall be used.
3 Terms and units of measurement
3.1 Terms
3.1.1 Calibration mode (direct measurement mode)
The display mode for infrared thermometer measurement or calibration. Display
the temperature without any correction, that is, the measurement result of the
blackbody temperature.
3.1.2 Estimation mode
The display mode for infrared thermometer measurement. Display the
The protection cover that isolates the probe from the measured object to meet
hygienic requirements when using an infrared thermometer.
3.1.10 Warning temperature value
The blackbody temperature value corresponding to the preset warning
temperature point of the infrared screening instrument.
3.1.11 Warning temperature measurement error
At the preset warning temperature point, the infrared screening instrument uses
the difference between the measured value of the correction value and the
blackbody temperature.
3.2 Unit of measurement
The unit of temperature is Celsius, the symbol is °C.
4 Overview
The infrared thermometer for measuring human body temperature is an
instrument for measuring human body temperature by radiation exchange
between the probe and the measured object. It includes infrared thermometer
designed to measure human body temperature and infrared screening
instrument.
Infrared thermometer and infrared screening instrument are composed of
optical system, detector, electronic measuring part and mechanical device.
Infrared thermometer can be divided into: infrared ear thermometer and infrared
body surface thermometer. The estimation mode of infrared thermometer may
properly correct the directly-measured radiation temperature and convert to
body surface temperature or/and convert the temperature of measured part to
the estimated temperature of other body parts.
5 Metering characteristics
5.1 Display temperature range
In any display mode, the display temperature range of the infrared thermometer
shall cover the range specified in Table 1.
5.2 Maximum allowable error
Under the product's nominal use environmental conditions (see 5.3) and within
the specified display temperature range, the laboratory error of the infrared
If the manufacturer requires to use a protection cover to sanitarily isolate the
measured object and the probe, the use of probe protection cover shall not
make the laboratory error defined in 5.2 exceed the specified range.
5.6 Thermometer mark and user manual
5.6.1 The thermometer shall clearly indicate its temperature unit.
5.6.2 The infrared thermometer shell or/and outer packaging shall clearly mark
the brand name or instrument type, model, manufacturer or distributor name,
batch number or production serial number.
5.6.3 The infrared thermometer shall indicate the body part corresponding to
the measured value. For a single non-clinical infrared thermometer without
estimation mode, this mark is optional.
NOTE: All marks shall not be damaged during long-term use and cleaning.
5.6.4 Infrared thermometer user manual shall include but not limited to the
following:
Display temperature range, maximum allowable error, body part corresponding
to display temperature, temperature range, humidity range of use and storage,
type approval number or manufacturing instrument license number.
Infrared thermometer with estimation mode shall specify the body part (such as
mouth, rectum) corresponding to the estimated temperature indication, and list
the calculation method or comparison table from the calibration mode indication
to each estimation mode indication.
Thermometer with both calibration mode and estimation mode shall explain the
method to switch to calibration mode.
6 Calibration conditions
6.1 Environmental conditions
The temperature and humidity of the calibration laboratory environment shall
meet the requirements of 18°C~28°C, (30~70)% RH and the operating
environment conditions of the calibration equipment.
NOTE: On-site calibration shall indicate the environmental conditions. Calibration
environment shall be free of strong ambient radiation and strong air convection.
6.2 Standard and other equipment
6.2.1 Blackbody radiation source
7.2.1.1 Repeat the measurement of the blackbody temperature at the set
blackbody temperature specified in Table 3. It can only select part of the
blackbody set temperature in Table 3 or select the blackbody set temperature
according to user requirements.
7.2.1.2 Before testing, the infrared thermometer shall be stable for at least 30
minutes or longer under test temperature and humidity conditions (if specified
by the manufacturer).
7.2.1.3 Take at least 4 measurement readings of the blackbody at each black
body set temperature. It shall be equipped with infrared thermometer with probe
protection cover. It shall be used in accordance with the requirements of the
user manual and keep it clean and complete. Determine the method and rate
of temperature measurement data acquisition according to the method
recommended in the user manual.
7.2.1.4 The temperature reading in the estimation mode (if any) shall be
converted to the temperature reading in the calibration mode ti, j according to
the method recommended by the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall provide
the conversion method and give it in the use and maintenance manual.
7.2.1.5 To calibrate the indicated value, measure and record the indicated value
ti, j and blackbody temperature tBBi of the calibrated infrared thermometer at the
nominal set temperature tsi. Calculate the corrected value Δti of the displayed
infrared thermometer corresponding to the ith blackbody nominal set
temperature tsi and the repeatability of multiple measurements Ri.
Where, ti, j is the jth temperature reading when the calibra...