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JJF 1406-2013: Calibration Specification for Terrestrial Laser Scanners
JJF 1406-2013
JJF
NATIONAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR
MEASUREMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
JJF 1406-2013
Calibration Specification for Terrestrial Laser
Scanners
ISSUED ON: MAY 13, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 13, 2013
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine
Table of Contents
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative References ... 6
3 Terms ... 6
3.1 Target ... 6
3.2 Absolute distance ... 6
3.3 Relative distance ... 6
3.4 Reference distance ... 6
3.5 Ball bar ... 7
4 Overview ... 7
5 Metrological Characteristics ... 8
5.1 Radial repeatability ... 8
5.2 Target repeatability ... 8
5.3 Indication error of radial distance ... 8
5.4 Indication error of spatial distance ... 8
6 Calibration Conditions ... 8
6.1 Environmental conditions ... 8
6.2 Etalon for calibration ... 8
6.3 Software used for calibration ... 9
7 Calibration Items and Methods ... 9
7.1 Indication error of radial distance ... 9
7.2 Radial repeatability ... 10
7.3 Target repeatability ... 11
7.4 Indication error of spatial distance ... 11
8 Calibration Results ... 13
9 Recalibration Time Interval ... 13
Appendix A Calibration Record and Calculation Table ... 14
Appendix B Inner Page Format of Calibration Certificate ... 16
Appendix C Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty for Indication Error of
Radial Distance ... 17
Appendix D Introduction of Calibration Device of Spatial Distance ... 20
Calibration Specification for Terrestrial Laser
Scanners
1 Scope
This Specification specifies the calibration method of static terrestrial laser scanner
(hereinafter referred to as scanner), which is suitable for the calibration of pulse or
phase scanner. Scanners of other principles may also be calibrated with reference to
this Specification.
2 Normative References
This Specification quotes the following document:
JJF 1071-2010 The Rules for Drafting National Calibration Specification
For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this Specification; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this Specification.
3 Terms
For the purpose of this specification, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Target
Scan target with geometric center and may be used for calibration. This Specification
uses a spherical target.
3.2 Absolute distance
The distance between the origin of the internal coordinate system of the instrument
(the starting point of distance measurement) and the center of the target.
3.3 Relative distance
The distance between target centers.
3.4 Reference distance
The distance between target centers as a reference value.
5 Metrological Characteristics
5.1 Radial repeatability
Under a set of repeatable measurement conditions, the measurement precision for the
measured value of the absolute radial distance of the same fixed target.
5.2 Target repeatability
Under a set of repeatable measurement conditions, the measurement precision for the
measured value of the target center coordinate (point position).
5.3 Indication error of radial distance
The difference between the measured value and the reference value of the relative
distance along the measuring axis.
5.4 Indication error of spatial distance
When scanning and measuring targets at different distances and orientations in space,
the difference between the measured value and reference value of the relative distance.
6 Calibration Conditions
6.1 Environmental conditions
Calibration shall be performed under the conditions specified by the manufacturer or
agreed by the user. Ambient temperature and its rate of change shall affect the
uncertainty of the calibration result and shall be considered in the uncertainty report.
6.2 Etalon for calibration
It is recommended to use the measurement-calibration device or etalon listed in Table
1; and it is allowed to use other measurement-standard equipment that meets the
uncertainty requirements for calibration.
Table 1 -- Measurement-Calibration Equipment and Technical Requirements
SN Measurement-calibration equipment and etalon Technical requirements
1 Target
Diffuse reflection, non-transmission spherical target (aluminum
products with sandblasted surface are recommended).
The diameter is no less than 100mm, and the diameter change is no
more than 0.1mm
2 Calibration device for radial distance
Provides a series of linear reference distances covering the
calibration range, such as moving a target from one location to
floating guide rail is better than 0.5μm+0.5 ×10-6 L (k=2). When the measurement is
estimated at the farthest 80 m, the standard uncertainty is as follows:
C.4.2 The uncertainty component u2(Li) introduced by the measured value Li of the
radial distance
C.4.2.1 The uncertainty component u21(Li) introduced by the spherical target changing
with temperature
The aluminum spherical target with diameter of 200mm shall be used in the
measurement; it has a temperature linear expansion coefficient of 23.6×10-6°C-1.
Assuming that the temperature during calibration differs from the temperature of the
spherical target by 5°C, it is uniformly distributed. According to the temperature
correction formula, the standard uncertainty is as follows:
C.4.2.2 The uncertainty component u22(Li) introduced by spherical target shape error
The radius error of the spherical target shall cause the deviation of the spherical center
coordinates. Through the calibration by the coordinate measuring machine, the
maximum change in diameter is no more than 0.1mm; and it is uniformly distributed.
The standard uncertainty introduced thereby is as follows:
C.4.2.3 The uncertainty component u23(Li) introduced by the measurement
repeatability of radial distance
If the radial distance is repeatedly measured for at least 10 times, the uncertainty
introduced by the repeatability is as follows:
Combining the above three items, the uncertainty introduced by the measured value
Li is as follows:
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JJF 1406-2013: Calibration Specification for Terrestrial Laser Scanners
JJF 1406-2013
JJF
NATIONAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR
MEASUREMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
JJF 1406-2013
Calibration Specification for Terrestrial Laser
Scanners
ISSUED ON: MAY 13, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 13, 2013
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine
Table of Contents
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative References ... 6
3 Terms ... 6
3.1 Target ... 6
3.2 Absolute distance ... 6
3.3 Relative distance ... 6
3.4 Reference distance ... 6
3.5 Ball bar ... 7
4 Overview ... 7
5 Metrological Characteristics ... 8
5.1 Radial repeatability ... 8
5.2 Target repeatability ... 8
5.3 Indication error of radial distance ... 8
5.4 Indication error of spatial distance ... 8
6 Calibration Conditions ... 8
6.1 Environmental conditions ... 8
6.2 Etalon for calibration ... 8
6.3 Software used for calibration ... 9
7 Calibration Items and Methods ... 9
7.1 Indication error of radial distance ... 9
7.2 Radial repeatability ... 10
7.3 Target repeatability ... 11
7.4 Indication error of spatial distance ... 11
8 Calibration Results ... 13
9 Recalibration Time Interval ... 13
Appendix A Calibration Record and Calculation Table ... 14
Appendix B Inner Page Format of Calibration Certificate ... 16
Appendix C Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty for Indication Error of
Radial Distance ... 17
Appendix D Introduction of Calibration Device of Spatial Distance ... 20
Calibration Specification for Terrestrial Laser
Scanners
1 Scope
This Specification specifies the calibration method of static terrestrial laser scanner
(hereinafter referred to as scanner), which is suitable for the calibration of pulse or
phase scanner. Scanners of other principles may also be calibrated with reference to
this Specification.
2 Normative References
This Specification quotes the following document:
JJF 1071-2010 The Rules for Drafting National Calibration Specification
For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this Specification; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this Specification.
3 Terms
For the purpose of this specification, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Target
Scan target with geometric center and may be used for calibration. This Specification
uses a spherical target.
3.2 Absolute distance
The distance between the origin of the internal coordinate system of the instrument
(the starting point of distance measurement) and the center of the target.
3.3 Relative distance
The distance between target centers.
3.4 Reference distance
The distance between target centers as a reference value.
5 Metrological Characteristics
5.1 Radial repeatability
Under a set of repeatable measurement conditions, the measurement precision for the
measured value of the absolute radial distance of the same fixed target.
5.2 Target repeatability
Under a set of repeatable measurement conditions, the measurement precision for the
measured value of the target center coordinate (point position).
5.3 Indication error of radial distance
The difference between the measured value and the reference value of the relative
distance along the measuring axis.
5.4 Indication error of spatial distance
When scanning and measuring targets at different distances and orientations in space,
the difference between the measured value and reference value of the relative distance.
6 Calibration Conditions
6.1 Environmental conditions
Calibration shall be performed under the conditions specified by the manufacturer or
agreed by the user. Ambient temperature and its rate of change shall affect the
uncertainty of the calibration result and shall be considered in the uncertainty report.
6.2 Etalon for calibration
It is recommended to use the measurement-calibration device or etalon listed in Table
1; and it is allowed to use other measurement-standard equipment that meets the
uncertainty requirements for calibration.
Table 1 -- Measurement-Calibration Equipment and Technical Requirements
SN Measurement-calibration equipment and etalon Technical requirements
1 Target
Diffuse reflection, non-transmission spherical target (aluminum
products with sandblasted surface are recommended).
The diameter is no less than 100mm, and the diameter change is no
more than 0.1mm
2 Calibration device for radial distance
Provides a series of linear reference distances covering the
calibration range, such as moving a target from one location to
floating guide rail is better than 0.5μm+0.5 ×10-6 L (k=2). When the measurement is
estimated at the farthest 80 m, the standard uncertainty is as follows:
C.4.2 The uncertainty component u2(Li) introduced by the measured value Li of the
radial distance
C.4.2.1 The uncertainty component u21(Li) introduced by the spherical target changing
with temperature
The aluminum spherical target with diameter of 200mm shall be used in the
measurement; it has a temperature linear expansion coefficient of 23.6×10-6°C-1.
Assuming that the temperature during calibration differs from the temperature of the
spherical target by 5°C, it is uniformly distributed. According to the temperature
correction formula, the standard uncertainty is as follows:
C.4.2.2 The uncertainty component u22(Li) introduced by spherical target shape error
The radius error of the spherical target shall cause the deviation of the spherical center
coordinates. Through the calibration by the coordinate measuring machine, the
maximum change in diameter is no more than 0.1mm; and it is uniformly distributed.
The standard uncertainty introduced thereby is as follows:
C.4.2.3 The uncertainty component u23(Li) introduced by the measurement
repeatability of radial distance
If the radial distance is repeatedly measured for at least 10 times, the uncertainty
introduced by the repeatability is as follows:
Combining the above three items, the uncertainty introduced by the measured value
Li is as follows:
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